Coob tus tswv feem ntau nyiam ua li cas npua manure rau fertilizer vaj teb thiab zaub vaj. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog kev siv ob qho tib si tshiab ntawm cov nqaij npua thiab humus, peb yuav pab koj kom fertilize cov av los yog pov tseg ntawm qhov seem.
Muaj peev xwm npua manure yuav siv li fertilizer
Chiv manure, raws li zoo li nyuj pov tseg (nyuj) los yog qaib, uas siv ua zaub mov. Txawm li cas los, qhov no fertilizer nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv.
Yam ntxwv ntawm npua manure:
- nplua nuj hauv nitrogen;
- tau nce acidity (tuaj yeem txeeb tau chernozem xau);
- me ntsis ntses;
- txom nyem heat dissipation;
- ntev lub caij nyoog tshem tawm.
Yog li, qhov qhia txog ntawm npua manure nyob rau hauv me ntsis acidic xau yuav ua rau lawv unsuitable rau nroj tsuag. Yog hais tias tus pov tseg yog faus nyob rau hauv ib tug av nplua nuj nyob rau hauv humus, nws zoo deteriorates. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho loj ntawm nitrogen ntxiv rau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom porcine excrement, uas, thaum tov nrog lwm cov additives, muaj peev xwm txhawb lub av nrog rau qhov tsim nyog kab kawm.Nws tsis tsim nyog los sib piv cov nqaij npuas khib nyiab nrog nyuj, raws li cov tsiaj nyeg nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav muaj ntau yam khoom noj thiab txiaj rau cov nroj tsuag. Ntawm qib no rotting thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg tseem txawv.
Hom ntawm npua manure
Ua ntej pib mus rau kev siv chiv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev nkag siab txog ntawm dab tsi "theem" yog humus. Paub tias swine dung yog rotting ntev, nws tseem tshuav ib lub sij hawm rau "ripening" thiaj li muab cov khoom tsis haum rau hauv av.
Tshiab
Nqa dej npuas ua tiav ntev dua li ntawm 6 lub hlis.
Xws li chiv yog txaus ntshai rau zaub rau ob peb lub paus ntsis: nws muaj ib qho loj npaum li cas ntawm nitrogen, uas tawm Burns rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag; muaj noob ntawm nroj tsuag nroj tsuag uas tsis muaj sij hawm los ploj; cov kab mob, cov kab mob, cov cua phem, thiab lwm yam cab muaj kab mob ua rau cov nroj tsuag thiab cov tib neeg puas tsuaj.
Yog li, tshiab npua manure raws li ib tug fertilizer tsis tau siv. Thaum zoo tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum tau oxidize cov av; ntawm qhov phem, koj yuav ua rau nws tsis tsim nyog rau kev cog qoob loo.
Yog hais tias koj tseem npaj siab coj tshiab manure mus rau hauv cov av, thawj txo nws cov acidity nrog txiv qaub (50 g ib 1 thoob) thiab mix nrog nees manure 1: 1.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv Orthodox ceg ntawm Eastern Christianity, npua nqaij raug txwv nrog nrog txiav npluav ntawm kev siv cov av.
Ib nrab tawg
Ib nrab-burnt yog manure, uas tau lain ntawm 6 mus rau 12 lub hlis. Qhov no manure tseem yog ib qho loj heev ntawm noo noo thiab nroj tsuag, li cas los xij, tsawg dua cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob.
Ib nrab ntawm cov nqaij npuas npua ntawm npuas av tau muab ntxiv rau cov av kom zoo dua qub. Nws kaw nyob rau hauv lig caij nplooj ntoos zeeg nrog ib tug ntau ntawm 2-3 kg ib 1 square. m
Yog hais tias excrement yog siv thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob sai los yog flowering, nws yuav tsum tau diluted nrog dej nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1:10.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ib nrab-ripe manure yog tseem txaus ntshai rau cov nroj tsuag, yog li tsis pub tshaj tus qauv teev tseg.
Xws li ib tug fertilizer yog zoo ntaus nqi los ntawm xws li cov qoob loo raws li cabbage, zucchini, dib thiab taub dag.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nqaij npuas av yuav yog ib qho zoo fertilizer rau cov qoob loo uas xav tau kom muaj nitrogen hauv cov av. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom to taub tias tom qab kev qhia txog ntawm cov khoom nyhav ib nrab, tsis muaj nitrogen-muaj cov additives.
Tuag
Tuag tuag tau muaj hnub nyoog li ntawm 1 mus rau 2 xyoos. Nyob rau hauv xws li manure, teeb meem microorganisms thiab maj noob yog yuav luag tag nrho tsis tuaj kawm ntawv.
Exterminated excrement poob ib nrab ntawm nws cov huab hwm coj, tus nqi ntawm noo noo nyob rau lawv lawv txo, thiab lawv darken. Yog hais tias muaj straw nyob rau hauv lub tseem, ces nws yuav tsaus thiab yooj yim disintegrates.
Tuag tuag quav tau hu ua "yuav luag tas." Nqa nws nyob rau hauv thaum khawb nrog lub xam ntawm 6-7 kg ib 1 square. m. Yog hais tias qhov quav tau muab coj los ua ib qho dej haus, ces koj yuav tsum sib xyaw 2 seem ntawm cov khoom pov tseg nrog 10 seem ntawm dej.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tus nqi ntawm cov hniav lwj tau nce dua yog tias nqaij npuav qhov quav nrog tov.
Humus
EYog hais tias tus npua manure kav ntau tshaj li ob lub xyoos, nws hloov mus rau hauv ib tug tag nrho-humus humus. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws organic fertilizer, uas muaj ib yam tsawg kawg ntawm noo noo thiab ib qho siab tshaj plaws ntawm tseem ceeb tshuaj.
Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm humus poob ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm nitrogen, thiab yog li ntawd tsis ua rau ib qho kev txaus ntshai mus rau lub keeb kwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws tuaj yeem raug siv rau cov substrates uas txawv tsis muaj kev raug mob rau tom kawg.
Nqaij npuas humus tuaj yeem siv rau cov av hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog caij nplooj zeeg nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm 1: 4.
Qhov zoo tagnrho xaiv rau complex fertilizer yog ib tug sib tov ntawm nees thiab nqaij npuas humus. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv ib qho kev sib tov ntawm nqaij npuas thiab nyuj humus.
Yuav ua li cas siv npua manure
Peb tig mus rau txoj kev siv ntawm npua manure. Yog hais tias nqaij npua humus tuaj yeem siv rau hauv av tsis muaj kev ntshai, tom qab ntawd ib nrab-rotted los yog khib nyiab tshiab, yog tias tsis muaj ntaub ntawv thov, poses kev hem thawj rau cov nroj tsuag thiab tus neeg nws tus kheej.
Yog li ntawd, peb xav tias cov kev xaiv rau kev siv ntawm npua manure.
Koj puas paub? Tus domestication ntawm npua ua ntej tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj ncig lub yim millennium BC.
Compost
Qhov siab tshaj plaws kev xaiv fertilizer yog compost npua manure. Ntxiv nrog rau cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig ntxiv, ua kom tsis muaj teebmeem ntawm qhov kev ua tiav.
Nws yog npaj raws li nram no: manure yog muab tso rau hauv txheej, uas yog hloov los ntawm straw, sawdust los yog nplooj. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas tias cov kua compost yog nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas nrog hauv av, txwv tsis pub lub ntiaj teb no yuav tsis muaj peev xwm mus rau hauv av rau lub caij ntuj no (qhov kev kub ntawm kev lwj yog nyob ntawm lawv). Ntxiv organic teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag seem ntxiv yuav ntxiv kev noj haus rau lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm humus.
Tom qab kom npaj cov heap thiab tso cov nplooj los yog lo quav hauv nws, koj yuav tsum tau tos txog ib xyoo ua ntej ntawm nplooj lwg npaj.
Yog xav tau tshem ntawm humus parasites thiab lawv cov qe, ua ib pawg ntawm xoob manure. Qhov no yog tiav los ntawm qhov ua kom thaj tsam thiab txo qhov siab ntawm cov nplooj lwg.
Npaj cov tshuaj compost yog xoob, tsaus, tsis zoo li av los yog tsis hnov tsw txhua. Yog hais tias lub pawg nqa rot, ces tus pov tseg tsis yog perepravayut, thiab rot. Qhov no yog vim tsis muaj oxygen. Ntaus cov pawg lossis nce thaj tsam ntawm nws thiab qhov tsis hnov tsw yuav ploj mus.
Nqa rau hauv lub tiav lawm compost tsuas yog thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav khawb, embedding nws nyob rau hauv hauv av. Siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mulch tsis pom zoo.
Xws li ua rau nqaij npua manure mus rau hauv cov chiv quav yuav pab rov ua dua tshiab, tiam sis kuj lom neeg ntawm vaj zaub. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tau txais ib qho kev chiv tsis pub dawb, uas txaus rau ntau tshaj ib xyoo ntawm kev siv.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub tiav lawm compost tsis poob nws cov khoom rau peb lub xyoos.
Laj hauv av rau lub caij ntuj no
Tshiab nqaij npuas chiv tau tso rau hauv av rau lub caij ntuj no. Rau qhov no, ib lub qhov khawb yog khawb tsis pub ntau tshaj li ob lub mais tob. Manure yog pw nyob rau hauv nws thiab them nrog lub ntiaj teb. Lub txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 20-25 cm rau cov txheej txheem los mus ceev.
Thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav, koj yuav tau txais ib qho analogue ntawm cov semi-excreta. Tsis tas li ntawd siv ntawm npua manure - nkag mus rau hauv cov av nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg hauv khaus me me los yog hauv ib khub nrog nees chiv.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txij li thaum tshiab npua manure yog heev qaub, koj muaj peev xwm lwj cov av nyob ze ntawm lub compost aub tsiv, yog li xaiv ib qho chaw deb ntawm plantings.
Thinning nqaij npuas chiv
Chiv manure yuav diluted nrog dej los yog ntxiv nrog ntxiv ntawm txiv qaub. Txawm li ntawd los, qhov zoo siv ntawm tshiab manure - insistence.
Ua li no, npaj ib lub tank uas tuaj yeem tuav qhov yuav tsum tau ntim ntawm qhov quav thiab qhov qub dej. Txhob muab cov dej tso rau hauv dej 1: 1 thiab hais kom ib lim piam. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov kab mob pathogenic yuav tuag, thiab cov nitrogen yuav txo kom tsawg npaum li cas.
Tom qab infusion, kev daws yog diluted raws li nram no: 10 liv dej yog npaum li cas rau 1 liter ntawm slurry. Diluted infusion dej lub nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj. Ua li no, khawb ntiav grooves thiab sau lawv nrog hnav khaub ncaws.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Watering tsis tau ua nyob rau ntawm hauv paus, pub kom lub nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm muaj mob.
Nqaij npuas npua siv
Yog hais tias koj xav txog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv pig manure, ces hom no yuav nplua koj.
Yuav kom tau txais cov tshauv, koj yuav tsum tau hlawv qhuav qhuav, pib qhuav kom qhuav.
Qhov no ntawm kev siv pov tseg yuav siv sij hawm ntau heev, tab sis thaum kawg koj yuav tau txais ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov chiv uas yuav nyob thaj chaw me me.
Thaum lub sij hawm incineration, tag nrho cov kab mob, cov kab mob thiab cov nroj tsuag nroj tsuag raug puas tsuaj, ua cov ntoo tshauv nyab xeeb rau cov nroj tsuag thiab tib neeg.
Nws yog siv raws li ib tug pob zeb hauv av fertilizer. Koj yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, thaum lub sij hawm plowing, nrog rau xam ntawm 1-1.5 kg ntawm tshauv rau ib 1 square. m
Yuav ua li cas fertilize nqaij npuas manure cov qoob loo
Ntau tus ua liaj ua teb nyiam ua dab tsi nrog chiv thiab humus los ntawm npua. Nws tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si muab cov av pH los yog me ntsis acidic pH, thiab mus pub cov nroj tsuag uas yuav tsum tau chiv nitrogen.
Zoo rau txhua yam zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo cog qoob loo nitrogen hauv cov av (tshwj tsis yog cov quav, uas txum tim hauv cov hauv paus hniav).
Humus thiab compost los ntawm npua manure yog nkag tau rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, thaum lub sij hawm kev khawb. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov no fertilizer yog haum rau beets thiab qos yaj ywm, uas muab ib qho zoo heev sau. Koj tuaj yeem ua thaum cog cucumbers, txiv lws suav thiab lwm yam zaub.
Diluted muck yog poured rau hauv pob kws. Thaum qhov no daws flows rau hauv lub aisle, nyob rau ntawm ib tug siab tshaj plaws deb ntawm lub keeb kwm. Rau 1 square. m. pours tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 2-3 liv ntawm diluted fertilizer. Watering yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum nroj tsuag mus rau hauv kev loj hlob sai. Sludge hu ua "ammonia dej." Dilute yuav tsum, raws li tau piav saum toj no, 1:10 nrog dej.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias tom qab ntxiv npua plua plav mus rau hauv av, ib lub sij hawm yuav tsum ua kom tiav ua ntej nws pib ua kom zoo zoo, ua kom cov av muaj txiaj ntsim zoo. Cov nroj tsuag yuav tsis muaj peev xwm rub cov tshuaj lawv xav tau los ntawm qhov quav, yog tias nws tsis pib poob rau hauv cov kab kawm. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis siv rau ammonia dej.
Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv cov av tau txais ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm nitrogen, uas yog absorbed los ntawm lub keeb kwm thiab tam sim ntawd muab cov nyhuv. Yog hais tias koob ntau tshaj, qhov yuav tshwm sim yog zoo li yog ib qho ntawm ammonium nitrate. Koj tuaj yeem tua cov nroj tsuag los yog ua kom tsis haum rau tib neeg noj.
Chiv manure yuav siv tau rau fertilize cov av, tab sis nws cov tseem ceeb ua rau nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus qhia thiab cov tswv yim. Yog tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov cai, koj tuaj yeem tsim ub no dua thiab ntxiv cov qoob loo.
