Lub hauv paus loj ntawm forsythia yog lub tsausmuag blooming ntawm ci daj paj nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum tus so ntawm cov ntoo yog tseem waking li. Qhov no ua rau nws yog ib tus qauv cog qoob loo nyob teb chaws Europe thiab America rau ntau tshaj 200 tawm xyoo. Lub cog qoob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj los yog Kauslim teb yog ntau txhiab xyoo: ntxiv rau nws cov khoom siv zoo nkauj, cov khoom qub ntawm kev forsythia tau ntsuam xyuas ntawm no (nyob rau hauv ancient Suav treatises, nws yog nyob ntawm tsib caug loj loj cov nroj tsuag).
Tus Forsythia genus unites ntau hom: cuaj ntawm lawv tuaj ntawm East Asian lub teb chaws, Balkan ceg av qab teb yog qhov chaw yug ntawm ib tug - Forsythian European.
Koj puas paub? Tsob nroj, tawg "kub" nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, coj tuaj rau teb chaws Europe los ntawm Tuam Tshoj nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm XYIII caug xyoo. lub dag zog ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb Scottish William Forsyth, tau raug hu ua nws qhov kev hawm - "Forsythia" (nyob rau hauv Latin transcription - "forsythia").
Forsythia: cog kev cog
Txhua hom ntawm Genus Forzition (Forsythia) ntawm cov tsev neeg Olive zoo ib yam li lawv cov nta nrig (morphological thiab lom).
Tshaj Tawm, Forsythia yog lub vaj nroj tsuag nrog paj daj (1 mus rau 3 m siab). Cov nplooj yog txawv, oval-puab (15 cm ntev). Blossom - me me tswb-shaped paj ntawm plaub petals nyob rau hauv ob peb-flowered inflorescences. Xim - qhov sib txawv tshaj plaws ntxoov daj - los ntawm txiv qaub golden rau tsaus txiv kab ntxwv. Abundant flowering (feem ntau yog kom txog thaum nplooj Bloom) kav los ntawm 20 mus rau 40 hnub. Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Txiv hmab txiv ntoo - cov thawv ntawv uas muaj tis noob. Forsythia yog lub teeb-ntxiv, undemanding rau xau. Rau 200 xyoo, breeders tau tsim ntau ntau Forsyth ntau yam uas txawv:
- nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm Bush (duab, crown, loj, hom ceg, thiab lwm yam);
- qhov loj ntawm lub paj (me, nruab nrab, loj);
- on pigmentation ntawm nplooj, ceg thiab paj (txawv ntxoov ntawm daj nyob rau hauv paj, ntsuab, daj thiab violet nyob rau hauv nplooj, ntsuab, daj, liab nyob rau hauv ceg).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum lub caij ntuj no snowy, cov noog tau peck tawm paj buds on forththia, mob loj heev ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Forsythia nrab
Forsythia nrab (F. intermedia) - qhov loj me me daj daj (tuaj yeem ncav cuag 3 m qhov siab thiab 2.6 m nyob rau hauv dav ntawm crown). Tua - ncaj. Oblong kaum centimeter nplooj muaj coarse-toothed sawv. Pib mus rau Bloom nyob rau ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm peb. Nws blooms 20 hnub tom qab lub Plaub Hlis. Paj yog daj daj daj ntxoov, loj hlob nyob rau hauv ob peb pieces nyob rau hauv inflorescences. 
Koj puas paub? Forsythia nrab tau txais thawj zaug nyob rau hauv 1878 vim yog kev ua ntawm hybridization (los ntawm dai thiab ntsuab forsythia) hauv lub vaj botanical ntawm University of Göttingen (Yelemees). Txij li thaum 1889, tus hybrid tau pib cog qoob loo hauv Tebchaws Meskas.
Nws nrov tshaj plaws yog:
- densely coloured (densiflora) - nrog kis ceg, crowded nrog paj ntawm daj thiab daj ntseg yellowish ntxoov ntxoo;
- zoo heev (spectabilis) - ncaj tua, on lawv - loj (4 cm) ci daj paj hauv inflorescences (5-6 paj txhua);
- primrose (pumulina) - npua paj ntaub, cov paj lawv tus kheej nyob ze ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev tua;
- Beatrix Farrand yog ib lub pob zeb siab (muaj peev xwm ncav cuag plaub meters hauv qhov siab), ntsug tua, paj ntawm ci daj ntxoov yog txawv ntawm txiv kab ntxwv kab txaij ntawm lub hauv paus. Lub caij ntuj no hardiness yog nruab nrab;
- Lindwood yog ib tug siab Bush (tshaj 3 m), paj (3.5 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb) muaj xim ntawm ci kub. Cov maub ntsuab lub caij ntuj sov xim ntawm cov nplooj hloov mus rau lub caij nplooj zeeg ntshav;
- Fiesta yog ib qho me me me (txog li 1.5 m) nrog cov paj me me ntawm cov xim kub, kab tho tawm (lawv ua rau lub caij nplooj ntoo zeeg, hauv daj thiab nplaum xim tones).
Forsythia wilted
Forsythia wilted (F. suspensa) los yog quaj. Nyob rau hauv ntuj tsim nyob rau hauv Kauslim Teb thiab Northeast Suav. Tau txais lub npe vim yog daim ntawv ntawm nplooj ntoo - thin escapes creep raws hauv av. Kaum centimeter nplooj yog ovate, yam txawv, peb-lobed. Cov xim ntawm nplooj yog ntsuab, nrog Autumnal mob khaub thuas tig purple. Lub paj yog ci, me me (txog li 2.5 cm), nyob rau hauv lub inflorescences - los ntawm ib mus rau peb lub paj. Nws muaj lub caij ntuj no zoo heev. 
Koj puas paub? Forsythia wilted nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe ua tsaug rau naturalist los ntawm Sweden Karl Peter Thunberg. Thaum xyoo 1833, nws nyob hauv Nyiv (nws tau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Dutch East India Company), nws pom cov nroj tsuag ntawm no hom nyob rau hauv lub vaj thiab pauv ntau seedlings rau Holland.
Dai forsythia
Forsythia dai (Forsythia suspensa) muaj lwm lub npe - forsythia drooping. Nws zoo li tsob ntoo nrog sprawling arched ceg ntawm txiv ntseej xim. Nquag siv los kho cov phab ntsa. Tsaug rau forsythia, ntau yam hybrid ntau yam tau raug bred: 
- Variegata ("Motley") - yog cov cim xiphoid ntsuab (daj-motley caij nplooj zeeg) nplooj thiab paj ntawm maub daj thiab txiv kab ntxwv hues;
- Artokalis (purpurea) - txawv hauv maub liab doog tua nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov thiab foliage ntawm tib xim nyob rau hauv Autumn;
- Forchuna yog qhov feem ntau ornamental forsythia shrub: thaum xub thawj, ncaj-loj hlob tua loj hlob, thiab tom qab - arcuate tua. Cov nplooj yog nqaim, paj - nrog txiv kab ntxwv-daj petals. Nyob rau hauv lub inflorescence hlob los ntawm 2 mus rau 6 paj. Nws tsis Bloom txhua txhua xyoo;
- Siebold - feem ntau frost-resistant daim ntawv, yog ib tug tsawg shrub. Tua - nyias, kis hauv av. Nplooj yog yooj yim. Cov nplais ntawm cov paj yog pleev xim rau hauv daj daj tones thiab nyom rov qab;
- Dipsiens (deceptive) - attracts nrog loj (tshaj li 4 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb) paj nrog golden-daj petals. Cov nplooj nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm maub emerald xim hloov xim rau liab-xim av nyob rau hauv Autumn.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv Kauslim Teb, Forsythia yog lub cim ntawm lub nroog Seoul (qhov twg loj flowering ntawm nws flowering yuav siv qhov chaw). Kev lig kev cai, kev suab paj nruag rau cov pej xeem hlua khi yog tsim los ntawm Forsythia.
Forsythia ovoid
Tus mob forsythia ovoid (F. ovata Nakai), qhov chaw yug uas yog Koog Tsaj Keeb Keeb Keeb Kwm, tau piav txog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov peculiarity ntawm ovoid forsythia yog qhov siab ua rau siab (hauv nruab nrab latitudes nws tuaj yeem ua tsis tau chaw nkaum hauv lub caij ntuj no) thiab ntuj qhuav heev. Tus loj rho tawm yog lub transience ntawm flowering.
Forsythia ovoid - thaum ntxov flowering daj shrub. Qhov no yog ib tug tsawg Bush - los ntawm 1.5 mus rau 2 m siab. Tshaj tawm cov ceg muaj xim greyish daj vim xim tawv ntoo thiab ntsuab xya centimeter yoojyim nrog cov tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, cov nroj tsuag yog "hnav" hauv maub liab thiab txiv kab ntxwv. Blossoms nyob rau hauv ib qho daj daj (2 cm) rau 15-17 hnub.
Qhov feem ntau nrov ntau yam:
- Dresdner Forfruling - txawv nyob rau hauv dhau flowering (peb lub lim tiam dhau tshaj lwm yam ntau yam). Paj yog ib txwm rau Forsythia - nruab nrab qhov loj (txog li 4 cm) nrog muag heev daj nplhaib;
- Tetragold yog ib tsob ntoo qis (txog li ib meter hauv siab) nrog daj mustard paj. Flowering kuj yog nyuam qhuav pib;
- Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav caij nplooj ntoos hlav - Neeg Amelikas (paub txij thaum 1930). Nws qhov siab thiab dav yog kwv yees li sib npaug - hais txog 3 m. Heev tshaj plaws flowering nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis - Tsib Hlis. Cov paj tau ci daj nplaum daj. Ntsuab lub caij ntuj sov tawm hloov mus rau xim daj-liab doog caij nplooj zeeg;
- Goldzauber - blooms nrog loj paj ntawm kub tsos nqaij daim tawv, tolerates lig frosts;
- Lis xaus - tua hlav, tawg sai sai tom qab daus yaj. Loj cov paj yog poj ua yig.
- Arnold Draft - forzition ntses ntau yam nrog tuab ceg (flowering nyob rau hauv splendor inferior mus rau lwm yam ntau yam).
Forsythia yog maub ntsuab
Forsythia tsaus ntsuab (F. Verdissima) los yog greenest yog ib qho peb-meter Bush, maub ntsuab ntsuab muab rau xim ntsuab rau tag nrho cov nplooj ntoo. Tua hlav tuaj. Largeolate loj nplooj (15 cm ntev thiab 4 cm dav) loj hlob heev densely. Cov paj loj muaj xim ntsuab daj daj. Nws qhib rau Europeans 1844 los ntawm Robert Fortune nyob rau hauv cov roob ntawm Suav lub xeev ntawm Zhejiang. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov feature ntawm lub forsythia yog tsaus ntsuab - nws blooms rau thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm 5-6 xyoos, nws tsis Bloom txhua xyoo. Nws Bloom yog qhov tseeb ntawm tag nrho cov qus cov neeg sawv cev ntawm forsythia, nws yog ntshai Frost.
Forsythia greenest Bush yog zoo haum rau tsim ntawm hedges. Thaum lub caij ntuj no frosts nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-latitude tej yam kev mob, hom Forsythian xav tau chaw (rau kom yooj yim, muaj qes-loj hlob Bronkensis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog bred).
European forsythia
Forsythia european (Forsythia europaea) - tsuas yog hom ntawm Forsythia Ameslikas los ntawm teb chaws Europe, tau piav meej rau hauv 1897. Cov nroj tsuag muaj ib qho kev cog lus ntawm cov yas, ncaj tua thiab nce mus txog 2-3 m. paj. Flowering tshwm sim ib txhij nrog cov tsos ntawm foliage (nws txo cov decorativeness ntawm cov nroj tsuag). Cov xim ntawm nplooj yog saturated lub teeb ntsuab, nyob rau hauv Autumn nws hloov mus rau daj-liab doog. Lub caij ntuj no hardiness yog nruab nrab. Naas ej rau kev thiav (nyob tau 70 xyoo). 
Yog li, rau cov cheeb tsam nrog txias winters thiab heev frosts, frost-resistant forsythies (dai, ovate, nruab nrab) ntau yam zoo dua haum. Rau cov cheeb tsam uas nyob rau sab qab teb, qhov kev xaiv yog dav dua qub - txhua hom kev pomzoo yuav hloov tau txhua zaus.
