Tsawg-loj hlob zoo ntau yam ntawm txiv lws suav yog yooj yim, tsis tas yuav tshwj xeeb kev kho mob, lawv muaj peev xwm yuav zus cai nyob rau hauv lub tsev hauv paj pots. Hom "Txiv Kab Ntxwv Cap" thiab "Yellow Cap" yog zoo li ntawd.
Tsim los ntawm Lavxias teb sab breeders, tus originator yog lub koom haum tshawb fawb ntawm Zaub Loj Hlob. Sau npe nyob rau hauv lub Xeev Register ntawm Russia Federation rau cultivation nyob rau hauv qhib tua thiab raws li ib tug lauj kaub kab lis kev cai nyob rau hauv 2011.
Nyob rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm koj yuav pom ntau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov txiv lws suav: piav qhia ntawm ntau yam, lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab loj hlob nta.
Yellow thiab txiv kab ntxwv cap: piav qhia ntawm ntau yam
Qib npe | Yellow and Orange Beanie |
Kev piav qhia dav dav | Thaum ntxov ripe determinant ntau yam txiv lws suav |
Keeb kwm | Russia |
Ripening | 80-90 hnub |
Daim ntawv | Hloov, me me |
Xim | Daj txiv kab ntxwv |
Qhov nruab nrab hnyav ntawm txiv lws suav | 30 grams |
Daim ntawv thov | Chav noj mov |
Tawm ntau yam | 1.5-3 kg ib square meter |
Ntaus zuj zus | Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los saib xyuas hom dej |
Disease tsis kam | Resistant mus rau loj cov kab mob ntawm cov txiv lws suav |
Cov ntau yam txawv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, raws li hom ntawm Bush, lub duab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lub degree ntawm ripening - lawv yog cov uas zoo sib xws. Nroj tsuag yog qhov tseeb. Cov nroj tsuag txiav txim tsis tas yuav tsum ua kom tsis muaj zog, lawv loj hlob mus rau ib qhov siab thiab coj tag nrho cov zog mus rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Txog ntawm indeterminantny qib nyeem ntawm no.
Los ntawm hom ntawm Bush - tus qauv. Qia nroj tsuag feem ntau yog me me loj, compact, hauv paus system yog tsis zoo tsim. Cov nroj tsuag tsis xav tau pinching thiab tying. Qia tiv taus, muaj zog, tsis muaj ntau tshaj 50 cm siab, feem ntau yog 20-30 cm Nws muaj ob peb txhuam ntawm ib yam yooj yim. Lub hauv paus system yog tsis zoo tsim, me me nyob rau hauv loj, loj hlob nyob rau hauv ntau cov lus qhia yam tsis tau tob.
Cov nplooj yog medium loj, tsaus ntsuab, nyob rau hauv cov duab - lws suav hom, tus qauv yog wrinkled, muaj ib tug nyiam twist. Tsis pubescence. Lub inflorescence yog yooj yim, nrab hom. Thawj inflorescence yog pw tshaj 5 - 6 nplooj, ces los nrog ib tug sib txawv ntawm 1 nplooj, tej zaum kuj tsis muaj qhov sib txawv.
Qia nrog kev paub txog. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas khaws cia zoo. Raws li cov degree ntawm maturation, nws yog ib qhov ntxov ntau, tom qab feem ntau tua tsuas 80 - 90 hnub dhau ua ntej lub sij hawm ntawm sau. Nws muaj qhov kawm tsis txaus siab rau kev haus luam yeeb mos, Alternaria, verticillosis, Fusarium. Nws tsis muaj lub sij hawm kom tau lig blight vim ceev maturation.
Tsim nyog rau tsev cog khoom sau qoob, qhib av nrog rwb thaiv tsev (nyob rau hauv zaj duab xis, nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj) thiab cultivation ntawm ntau yam raws li ib tug houseplant - nyob rau lawj los yog qhov rais sill. Qhov tawm los ntawm ib tug Bush ntawm tej "Caps" yog hais txog 0.5 kg. Ntawm 1 sq.m. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais txog 1.5 kg, qee zaus txog li 3 kg. Thaum lub caij ntuj no cog hauv chav tsev yuav tsis dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tau ntxiv qhov tseem ceeb.
Koj tuaj yeem piv qhov ntsuas no nrog rau lwm yam hauv qab no:
Qib npe | Tawm |
Txiv kab ntxwv thiab daj Beanie | 1.5-3 kg ib square meter |
Pog lub Txiaj Ntsim | mus txog 6 kg ib square meter |
American ribbed | 5.5 kg los ntawm ib tug Bush |
De Barao lub Giant | 20-22 kg los ntawm ib tug Bush |
Tus Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam | 10-12 kg ib square Meter |
Kostroma | mus txog 5 kg los ntawm ib tug Bush |
Thawj Tswj Hwm | 7-9 kg ib square Meter |
Lub caij ntuj sov neeg nyob hauv | 4 kg los ntawm ib tug Bush |
Nastya | 10-12 kg ib square Meter |
Dubrava | 2 kg los ntawm ib tug Bush |
Batyana | 6 kg los ntawm ib tug Bush |
Yuav ua li cas kom tau zoo heev yields nyob rau hauv lub qhib tua? Subtleties loj hlob thaum ntxov ripe ntau yam ntawm txiv lws suav.
Diam duab
Muaj zog thiab qaug zog
Ntawm qhov kev tsim txiaj ntawm cov txiv lws suav no feem ntau tau muab sau tseg:
- thaum ntxov hlob;
- zoo nkauj txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- siab saj zoo;
- tsis kam mus rau kab mob loj.
Cov kev tsis zoo muaj xws li:
- tsawg yield;
- sij hawm luv luv cia;
- tsis kam txais kev thauj mus los.
Yam ntxwv
Qhov zoo ntawm ob qho tib si ntau yog hloov, tsawg-ribbed. Qhov loj me me - txog 3-4 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, hnyav txog 30 g. Daim tawv nqaij yog tuab, tuab, du, ci iab. Cov xim ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo unripe yog daj ntseg ntsuab. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm txiv kab ntxwv "Orange Hat" muaj xim txiv kab ntxwv los yog xim daj, thaum "Yellow Hat" muaj lub teeb daj thiab xim daj.
Cov nqaij yog mos, muaj kua. Muaj qee cov noob, lawv tau muab faib rau hauv 2 chav. Tus nqi ntawm qhov teeb meem qhuav yog hauv qab nruab nrab. Qhov cia yog tsis ntev, qhov tseeb mus kom ze yuav pab kom ntev mus - khaws cia hauv qhov chaw tsaus rau hauv ib chav hauv chav tsev sov, tsis muaj kiag cia (tso cai luv luv +/- 5 degrees).
Tsheb thauj mus los yog phem, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo poob lawv cov duab. Kev xyuas ntawm saj zoo yog tsuas zoo heev, lawv nco ntsoov zoo aroma thiab qab zib saj ntawm txiv lws suav, sweeter tshaj li cov liab txiv lws suav. Muaj ntau cov as-ham, tsis txhob ua xua. Nws yog preferable siv tshiab, tab sis tom qab freezing los yog kub processing txiv lws suav tseem pab tau.
Zoo tag nrho rau kev khaws cia tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo - ib qho tawv nqaij yuav tsis cia txiv lws suav poob lawv cov duab. Haum rau qhuav ntawm thawj lws suav muab tshuaj txhuam, ketchup, kua ntsw thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Koj tuaj yeem sib piv cov txiv lws suav nrog lwm tus hauv qab rooj nram qab no:
Qib npe | Txiv hmab txiv ntoo luj |
Txiv kab ntxwv thiab daj Beanie | 30 grams |
Diva | 120 grams |
Yamal | 110-115 grams |
Golden Fleece | 85-100 grams |
Golden lub plawv | 100-200 grams |
Stolypin | 90-120 grams |
Raspberry jingle | 150 grams |
Caspar | 80-120 grams |
Qhov tawg | 120-260 grams |
Verlioka | 80-100 grams |
Fatima | 300-400 grams |
Ntaus zuj zus
Nws yog resistant rau cracking lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo tawg vim kev hloov pauv nyob rau hauv cov av ntawm qhov sib txawv nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj. Nws yog tsim nyog los tswj cov av noo thaum cog zaub. Nws yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 60% thaum cog.
Nyob rau hauv tsev cog qoob los yog sab hauv tsev tej zaum yuav loj hlob nyob rau hauv tej cheeb tsam. Qhov feem ntau dej siab rau cultivation nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av yog lub cheeb tsam yav qab teb.
Lub cultivation ntawm Txiv Kab ntxwv thiab daj Caps yuav tsum pib nrog lub sowing ntawm noob rau seedlings. Noob yuav tsum disinfected nyob rau hauv ib tug qaug zog daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate - muab rau ib teev, ces yaug nrog dej sov. Cov av, yog tias nws tsis yog yuav hauv cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb, yuav tsum tau muab cais cia.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov av rau cog txiv lws suav, koj yuav tsum xaiv loamy, koj muaj peev xwm zeb, zoo-cua-enriched, nrog tsawg acidity.
Yuav ua li cas mix cov av rau txiv lws suav nws tus kheej nyeem nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm. Thiab kuj hais txog dab tsi hom av txiv lws suav xav nyob rau hauv greenhouses thiab yuav ua li cas kom npaj cov av nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog.
Cov av kub ntawm cog yuav tsum txog 25 degrees. Cov noob qoob rau hauv lub Peb Hlis lossis Lub Plaub Hlis thaum lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj cog rau hauv lub thoob, ntiav ntiav nrog 2 cm ntawm ib leeg, qhov tob ntawm 2 cm. Npog nrog ib tug ntom khoom uas tsis cia evaporation - polyethylene, yas, nyias iav. Humidity nyob rau hauv lub tank yuav muab stimulation rau noob germination; kev loj hlob stimulants yuav siv tau.
Tom qab feem ntau tua npog kom tshem tawm. Seedlings watering raws li xav tau. Thaum twg 2 nplooj ntawv sau rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua kom tiav. Picks - cog nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv tus neeg lub thawv (300 ml). Xav tau rau tsim ntawm ib tug muaj zog paus system nyob rau hauv seedlings. Fertilizer yuav muab ntxiv rau lub khob.
Pub hnav khaub ncaws tuav 2 zaug. Hardening seedlings siv ib lub lim tiam ua ntej disembarking ntawm ib qho chaw mus tas li. Yog hais tias koj npaj yuav loj hlob txiv lws suav nyob rau hauv tsev, hardening yog tsis tsim nyog. Thaum lub hnub nyoog ntawm 50-55 hnub seedlings yuav transplanted. Nrog sab nraum zoov loj hlob, saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv ib ntus (zaj duab xis). Nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj los yog qhib av cog yog nqa tawm ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 50 cm los ntawm txhua lwm yam.
Watering yog nqa tawm ntawm hauv paus abundantly. Loosening, weeding - raws li xav tau. Npog los yog tsim ib tug Bush tsis tas yuav tsum tau. Tying yog tsis tsim nyog, lub qia thiab tes tau yooj yim withstand me me txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Mulching thaum zus on lub txaj - on request.
Nyeem ntxiv txog tag nrho cov chiv rau txiv lws suav.:
- Poov, iodine, tshauv, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, boric acid.
- Organic, ntxhia, phosphoric, txoj, npaj txhij.
- Ntxiv rau hauv paus, rau seedling, thaum xaiv.
- SAUM zoo tshaj.
Yuav ua li cas rau dhia txiv lws suav koj yuav pom nyob rau hauv video hauv qab no:
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Txawm nrog cog lus tiv thaiv kab mob, kev tiv thaiv kev ua (biological sprayings) yog qhov tsim nyog. Siv tshwj xeeb npaj ntawm lub dav spectrum ntawm kev txiav txim - tawm tsam kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag. Tsis tas li nqa tawm disinfection ntawm noob thiab av, li no nres ib co kab mob tam sim ntawd.
Peb coj los rau koj mloog lub tsab xov xwm hais txog cov kab mob loj ntawm txiv lws suav nyob rau hauv greenhouses thiab kev ntsuas mus rau lawv. Thiab tseem, yog dab tsi lig blight, yuav ua li cas los tiv thaiv los ntawm nws nroj tsuag thiab uas ntau yam tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lig blight.
Raws li rau cov pests, qhov teeb meem loj yog lub Colorado qos beetle, thrips, aphids, kab laug sab mites thiab slugs. Insecticides yuav txuag kab, qhov tseeb pov tseg yuav pab nyob rau hauv sib ntaus tawm tsam slugs.
Txiv lws suav "Txiv kab ntxwv kab" thiab "Yellow Cap" - yog ib txoj kev zoo rau kev loj hlob hauv tsev. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog me me, tab sis incredibly six.
Nyob rau hauv lub rooj hauv qab no koj yuav pom cov kev txuas mus rau ntau yam ntawm cov txiv lws suav nrog txawv ripening cov nqe lus:
Thaum ntxov maturing | Nruab nrab lig | Nruab nrab thaum ntxov |
Liab meaty | Cov tsawb daj | Paj yeeb huab tais F1 |
Ob tug ncaws pob | Titan | Pog lub |
Huab tais | F1 qhov | Cardinal |
Liab dome | Goldfish | Siberian txuj ci tseem ceeb |
Union 8 | Raspberry xav tsis thoob | Dais paw |
Liab icicle | De barao liab | Tswb ntawm Russia |
Zib Ntab Lauj | De barao dub | Leo Tolstoy |