Phosphoric chiv yog cov as-ham uas muaj kev lag luam nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, thiab hnub no peb yuav saib xyuas seb lawv yog dab tsi, hom tshuaj no muaj nyob rau hauv, thiab kawm txog lawv cov npe. Cia peb sim paub nws. phosphorite daim ntawv thov kev cai nyob rau peb vaj thiab vaj thaj av.
Nws yog dab tsi?
Phosphoric saum khaub ncaws hnav yuav mus rau cov pab pawg neeg ntawm pob zeb hauv av tebchaw. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov as-ham uas yuav ua rau kom zoo thiab cov qoob loo ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov tshuaj chemical "phosphorus" yog ib feem ntawm DNA thiab RNA thiab ntau lwm yam khoom uas ua rau kev loj hlob thiab cov khoom noj ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, "phosphorus" yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus (nrog nitrogen thiab potassium), tseem ceeb heev rau cov nroj tsuag muaj. Phosphorites muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub nruab nrog cev ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Muab piv rau potassium thiab nitrogen, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau kev loj hlob thiab saj cov khoom ntawm cov khoom cog, phosphorus qoj ib ce tas mus li ntawm kev sib pauv hauv cov nroj tsuag. Yog li, phosphorus yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj haus rau tag nrho cov vaj thiab vaj nroj tsuag, yam tsis tas kos.
Nitrogen thiab potash chiv, thiab raws li phosphate chiv, yog pob zeb hauv av chiv thiab yog txawv los ntawm ib tug high concentration ntawm cov muab kev pab cuam.
Nrog txaus kom txais tau ntawm phosphate pob zeb, kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kev cog lus pib sai. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov kev lis kev cai xav tau ntau phosphorus, lwm tus neeg tsawg. Tab sis txawm yog hais tias lub fertilizing twb qhia mus rau hauv cov av nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau npaum li cas, nws yuav tsis ua puas lub plantings. Qhov no yog vim li cas qhov tseeb tias cov nroj tsuag nqus phosphate as-ham hauv raws nraim qhov lawv xav tau.
Koj puas paub? Qhov tsis muaj phosphorus tau adversely cuam tshuam lub plantings, thiab nyob rau hauv dav dav txoj kev ua me nyuam ntawm tag nrho terrestrial flora. Yog hais tias tag nrho cov phosphorus disappears los ntawm cov av muaj pes tsawg leeg, peb ntiaj chaw yuav plam lub neej yav tom ntej, cov nroj tsuag flora yuav exhausted. Nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, noob tsim yuav cease, nyob rau hauv tus neeg tus kheej, kev loj hlob yuav qeeb los yog nres kom meej. Vim yog qhov tsis muaj phosphorus, cov kabmob ua tsis taus kuj yuav tig mus rau hauv lub cev.
Ua rau thiab pom cov phosphorus deficiency
Yuav pib, xav txog Qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj phosphorites:
- Hnyav av nplaum av uas inhibits fertilizer nkag mus rau hauv av. Phosphorus concentrates nyob rau hauv txheej txheej ntawm cov av sib tov thiab hloov mus rau hauv hnyav ncawv digestible tshuaj.
- Kev tsis lees paub cov cai rau kev siv cov phosphate-potassium chiv.
- Cov intensive tillage, ua rau pluag hauj lwm ntawm av microflora.
- Inorganic txoj kev ntawm av harrowing.
Paub txog cov tsos mob ntawm phosphorus deficiency, koj tuaj yeem kho qhov teeb meem sai dua, coj lawv kom zoo. Cov nram qab no yog feem ntau cov cim qhia ntawm phosphorus starvation:
- qhov saum toj no-av ntawm qhov landings ua ntej tau txais ib qho kev tsaus ntuj ntsuab thiab ces xim liab-violet xim;
- cov tsos ntawm cov nplooj ntoos daim hlau hloov, lub foliage crumbles prematurely;
- nyob rau hauv qis nplooj necrotic transformations thiab tsaus formations yog pom;
- cov nroj tsuag ua tsawg thiab ntsaws;
- lub rhizome yog tsim weakly, lub qia "ntog tawm" ntawm cov av.
Hom thiab cov cai rau daim ntawv thov ntawm phosphate chiv
Yuav kom xaiv cov phosphate chiv zoo, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub txog tus nqi ntawm txhua hom thiab cov cai rau lawv siv. Yog li ntawd, peb tig mus rau kev saib xyuas ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm phosphorites. 
Yooj yim superphosphate
Yooj yim superphosphate - zoo unsaturated, yooj yim soluble mineral compound nyob rau hauv dej. Cov lus ntawm lub fertilizer muaj xws li tsuas yog 16-20% ntawm phosphorus. Lwm yam khoom ntawm superphosphate yooj yooj yim yog calcium, leej faj thiab magnesium. Fertilizer yog tsim rau ntxiv rau txhua hom av. Yooj yim superphosphate txhawb kev loj hlob zoo ntawm cov qoob loo xws li cereals, legumes, cruciferous. Kev siv ntawm no phosphorus muaj ib cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cog ntawm qos yaj ywm, carrots, beets, flax, dos, thiab raws li turnips thiab radishes. Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws muaj powdery zoo lossis daim ntawv ntawm cov pob zeb.
Kev xaiv:
- lub ntsiab qhov tseem ceeb yog ua kom zoo dua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg (Cuaj hlis) los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav (Lub Plaub Hlis) khawb, mus rau ntawm qhov tob av av qoob;
- thaum sowing los yog cog - nyob rau hauv lub qhov, grooves, pits (nyob rau hauv Tej zaum);
- raws li ib tug to top hnav khaub ncaws (haum rau Lub rau hli ntuj, Lub Xya hli ntuj, Lub yim hli ntuj).
Superphosphate enriched
Enriched superphosphate - granulated ntxhia phosphate dressing. Nws yog ib qho sib tov ntawm ntau yam calcium phosphate compounds. Ntau tshaj 95% ntawm P2O5 yog hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus hauv daim ntawv siv, thiab tshaj li 50% nyob hauv dej soluble.
Lub nplua nuj superphosphate yog siv rau txhua hom av raws li lub ntsiab pre-sowing, sowing fertilizer, thiab kuj yog ib tug to top hnav khaub ncaws. Feem ntau cov zoo rau alkaline thiab nruab nrab xau. Nws muaj peev xwm siv nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm cov tiv thaiv av.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb acidic, phosphoric acid ntawm superphosphate enriched yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv phosphates ntawm txhuas thiab hlau uas nyuaj mus cuag cov nroj tsuag. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau pre-mix fertilizer nrog phosphate hmoov, limestone, chalk, humus.Cov ntsiab lus ntawm nkag. Hom tshuaj phosphate no feem ntau yog siv hauv daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb. Kev siv cov khoom xyaw superfosphate yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua ke ntawm theem pib thiab ua ntej cog qoob loo. Txhawm rau muab cov qos yaj ywm thiab cov nplua nuj sau qos yaj ywm, suab thaj, cov pob kws, flax, nplej, zaub thiab lwm cov qoob loo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom muab kev sib txuas ntxiv ntawm kev sib xyaw superphosphate nyob hauv qhov pib chiv ua ntej yuav cog nrog me me hauv qhov dej thiab kab thaum cog.
Ob chav granular superphosphate
Ob chav granulated superphosphate muaj ob koob tshuaj phosphorus (42-50%). Qhov kev pab no yog siv rau tag nrho cov qoob loo, tab sis nws cov kev tau noj yuav tsum tau proportionally txo los ntawm ib nrab. Feem ntau cov keeb no ua rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cog ntoo thiab nroj tsuag.
Dosages ntawm ob granulated superphosphate:
- rau cov tub ntxhais hluas txiv ntsej muag txog 5 xyoos - 60-75 g per tsob nroj;
- rau cov neeg laus txiv ntoo ntoo 5-10 xyoo - 170-220 g;
- rau pob zeb txiv hmab txiv ntoo (apricot, Cherry, plum) - 50-70 g ib tsob ntoo;
- rau currants thiab gooseberries - 35-50 g ib shrub;
- rau raspberries - 20 g ib square. tsaws tsaws.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nco ntsoov txoj cai tseem ceeb thaum ua haujlwm nrog superphosphates: tsis txhob sib tov lawv nrog chalk, urea, ammonium nitrate thiab txiv qaub.
Phosphoric Hmoov
Nyob rau hauv lub composition ntawm phosphate pob zeb yog 20-30% ntawm phosphorus. Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws muaj ib qho mis nyuj rau cov nroj tsuag, tab sis qhov no yog ntau dua ntawm kev tsim txiaj dua li qhov tsis zoo. Vim yog qhov tseeb, phosphate pob zeb ua haujlwm zoo heev rau cov av qeeg (peat los yog podzolic). Lub cheeb tsam acidic txig hloov cov phosphorus mus rau ib daim ntawv tsim nyog rau cov nroj tsuag.
Kev cai rau kev siv phosphate pob zeb. Phosphate hmoov tsis yog diluted nyob rau hauv dej, nws yog siv tsuas yog rau Autumn khawb. Cov nyhuv ntawm kev siv no fertilizer tsis yog sai li sai tau, tab sis tsuas yog 2-3 xyoos tom qab daim ntawv thov. 
Precipitate
Precipitate - Lwm hom saturated phosphoric pub mis. Lub compound yog tsis muaj peev xwm dissolve nyob rau hauv dej, tab sis yog zoo diluted nyob rau hauv cov organic acids. Fertilizer yog tsim rau ntau yam ntawm cov av hom. Lub plab yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov hmoov, qhov xim ntawm cov compound yog lub teeb nrog cov ntawv sau qej. Fertilizer tsis muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm clogging thiab yog zoo kawg nkaus cua tshuab tawm nyob rau hauv cov huab cua (nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cua).
Lub precipitate yog thawj phosphorus-raws li chiv. Yuav luag ib nrab (40%) nws muaj phosphorus.
Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Siv. Lub cev ceev ceev yog ib qho tseem ceeb txaus rau txhua hom vaj thiab vaj cog qoob loo. Nws ntxiv rau cov khoom siv yooj yim uas npaj pub mis. Sib tov meej thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no ua rau lub qhov chaw ntawm lub vaj. 
Cov txiaj ntsim ntawm kev siv
Kev soj ntsuam ntawm phosphate chiv pom tau hais tias lawv siv tau tseem ceeb kom zoo dua rau vaj thiab vaj cog qoob loo. Hauv particular, nws yog:
- yield tuaj;
- nce qhov tsis kam ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus rau ntau yam ailments;
- siab txee lub neej ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- kev sib npaug thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov coefficients organoleptic.
Nqaij qaib, nyuj, yaj, phom thiab luav quav nyab yog siv los ua kom cov qoob loo loj tuaj.Yuav xav txog phosphate benefits nyob rau hauv qhov piv txwv ntawm lawv cov feem ntawm tshwj xeeb vaj thiab vaj teb cov qoob loo:
- Grapes. Khoom noj khoom haus phosphate significantly pab kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub buds ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo; nce qab zib cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub vine; berries ripen sai dua.
- Txiv lws suav . Cov khoom ntawm phosphorus ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm hauv paus system ntawm txiv lws suav los ntawm kev loj hlob thaum ntxov noob, nce qab zib.
- Pob kws, Nplej. Phosphorites significantly nce cov qoob loo thiab nce tus nqi noj haus.
- Qos yaj ywm, legumes. Phosphoric ntsiab nce tawm los, txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cog.
Koj puas paub? Cov pioneer keeb "phosphorus" yog ib tug kws tshawb fawb German kws tshawb fawb Hennig Brand. Nyob rau hauv 1669, tus kws tshawb fawb txiav txim siab kom tshem kub los ntawm tib neeg cov zis. Los ntawm evaporation, txias thiab cua sov ntawm biological kua Hom muab cov hmoov dawb ua rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj ua ke. Tus kws tshawb fawb txiav txim siab tias nws tau tsim qhov "thawj teeb meem" ntawm kub thiab hu ua cov hmoov "lightbearer" (uas txhais tau hais tias lo lus "phosphorus"). Thaum cov kev sim tom ntej nrog lub yeeb yam tshiab tsis tau muaj kev vam meej nrog kev ua yeeb yam, tus alchemist pib muag qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj precious kub.Los ntawm fertilizing lawv plantings, tsis txhob hnov qab txog phosphorus. Ua li niaj zaus fertilizer phosphate chiv, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau ntawm teeb meem thiab loj hlob ib tug nplua nuj sau.
