Muaj ntau ntau ntawm cov ntoo uas xuav ntawm lub caij ntuj sov. Cov no suav nrog Orlovim ntau yam nrov. Kua ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog rau cov thawj coj ntawm lig-txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav tham txog lub tsob ntoo kua "Orlovim", muab ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam nrog rau cov duab, thiab raws li kev xyuas ntawm gardeners.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Nyob rau hauv 1977, nyob rau ntawm lub All-Lavxias lub koom haum kev yug tsiaj, qhov no ntau yam yog bred by hla Antonovka nrog ib sapling ntawm SR0523. Tsaug rau cov kws tshawb fawb Z.M. Serova, V.V. Zhdanov thiab E.N. Sedov, lub kua ntoo "Orlovim" tshwm. Nws tau tsim rau Central Russia, tab sis tom qab no ntau yam loj hlob nyob hauv Central regions.
Cov yam ntxwv txawv
Tsob ntoo no muaj ntau qhov zoo. Tab sis kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas tus yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam. 
Koj puas paub? Txiv apples yog ib tug tonic - ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav hloov ib khob ntawm kas fes.
Tsob ntoo piav qhia
Tsob ntoo srednerosloy, ncav ib qhov siab ntawm 5 m. Round los yog bristled crown muaj qhov nruab nrab ceev. Lub ntsiab ceg yog cov tsis tshua muaj nyob. Cov hlua tawg, tawm ntawm lub pob tw rau ntawm txoj cai kaum. Lub bark ntawm lub ntsiab ceg thiab pob tw yog lub teeb xim av thiab peeling. Cov nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo yog nruab nrab, ntsws ntsws, lub teeb ntsuab nrog ib tug yellowish tinge. Cov qog rau lawv tsis pom. Cov nplooj yog oblong qe-puab, muaj helical thiab me ntsis twisted xaus. Sheet phaj matte, convex, me ntsis curved down, muaj ib ntug wavy. Leafs yog nruab nrab nrog me ntsis hairiness. Buds ntawm tsob ntoo nias, elongated. Lub paj yog loj, daj ntseg liab, saucer-puab.
Xyuas kom paub ntau tshaj plaws ntawm ntau yam kua txiv ntoo: Uralets, Pepin saffron, Thawj Tswj Hwm, Tau zus ib, Thawj Coj Zoo Nkauj, Berkutovskoe, Txiaj, Tshav, Northern Synaph, Candy, Ranetki, Semerenko, Uslada thiab Melba.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Txheej
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov nruab nrab. Lawv yog cov zoo thiab glossy. Ib qho kua txiv luj ntawm 130 mus rau 180 g. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog lub teeb daj, muaj xim liab liab thiab ntshav kab txaij. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ib-seem, muaj ib txoj kev sib haum xeeb txuam, ribbing me ntsis pronounced. Cov nqaij yog tuab, cream-xim, heev muaj kua, nrog ib tug muaj zog ntxiag aroma. Lub saj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog Sweet thiab qaub. 
Pollination
Qhov no ntau yam belongs rau samobesplodny. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cog pollinating ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv, xws li Pepin Saffron, Anis Scarlet, thiab Welsey. Yog hais tias xws li ntau yam tsis loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub cuab ntxhiab, khoom neeg tsim pollination yog tsim nyog rau ib tug zoo hlua. Ua tsaug rau cov kws tua kab mob, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Yog hais tias koj siv pollen ntawm ntau yam sib txawv ntawm apples, qhov no zoo heev kho txhim siab zoo ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tawm los.
Gestation lub sijhawm
Apples ripen nyob rau hauv lig Lub yim hli ntuj.
Tawm
Kua ntoo nqa txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv 4 xyoos tom qab cog. Ib tug hluas ntoo coj mus txog 80 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ib tug neeg laus - ntau tshaj 100 kg. 
Kev thauj khoom thiab kev cia khoom
Lub caij ntuj sov ntau yam ntawm apples yog tsis muab rau ib ntev lub sij hawm - tsis muaj ntau tshaj ib lub hlis, yog tias koj saib qhov ntsuas kub, yog li ntawd lawv thauj tsis zoo.
Lub caij ntuj no hardiness
Cov ntoo no muaj lub caij ntuj no zoo heev. Lawv tuaj yeem kam sov so rau -35 ° C.
Kab Mob thiab Kab Tsuag Kab Tsuag
Orlov tiv taus cov kab xau thiab lwm cov kab mob fungal vim Vm noob.
Daim ntawv thov
Fresh txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog khaws cia rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, yog li ntawd lub txiv apples kev thiab ua lawv juices thiab jams. 
Yuav ua li cas xaiv seedlings thaum yuav
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los yuav seedlings nyob rau hauv vaj teb chaw los yog chaw zov me nyuam:
- ib tug zoo seedling yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj nplooj;
- bark yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav;
- tsob ntoo yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj;
- keeb kwm yuav tsum noj qab nyob zoo thiab loj. Fresh paus tom qab scraping nrog ib tug ntsia hlau muaj dawb ntoo;
- nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab qhov preference rau ib-xyoo saplings;
- lub pob tw nyob rau hauv lub bark ntawm ib tug noj qab haus huv tsob ntoo yog ci ntsuab.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! On lub pob tw yuav tsum tsis txhob tuaj ua o, growths - qhov no yuav qhia tau hais tias muaj tus kab mob.
Cov kev cai rau cog Kua seedlings
Ua ntej koj cog tsob ntoo ua kua, koj yuav tsum paub txog lub sijhawm cog qoob loo, zoo li xaiv qhov chaw zoo. 
Lub sijhawm zoo
Nws raug pom zoo kom cog tsob ntoo thaum lub hauv av sov so zoo thiab tsis muaj qhov ua rau rov qab tuaj yeem yuav ua kom puas tsuaj. Qhov no feem ntau ua tiav thaum pib lub Tsib Hlis. Tab sis ntau gardeners xav Autumn cog, cog seedlings nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub kaum hli ntuj.
Xaiv qhov chaw
Av rau cog yuav tsum tau zoo zes thiab ventilated. Cov dej hauv av yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ze - qhov tob qhov tob ntawm lawv qhov tshwm sim tsis pub tsawg tshaj 2 m. Yog tias muaj kev hem thawj ntawm dej nyab, qhov yuav tsum tau cog cov ntoo hauv av los yog siv cov kua dej. "Orlov" prefers xoob, breathable sandy loam los yog loam, muaj ib qho ua tsis taus pa acidic.
Stepwise tsaws txheej txheem
Yog hais tias ib tug kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cog nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav, qhov sib tov ntawm cov av yuav tsum tau npaj rau 3 lub hlis, thiab yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg - rau rau lub hlis. Lawv npaj ib lub qhov taub txog 60 cm dav, thiab qhov tob yuav tsum muaj li ntawm 80 cm Thaum digging ib qhov, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog rau nteg sab saum toj txheej ntawm av nyob rau hauv ib lub tsheb thiab hauv qab txheej nyob rau hauv lwm. Tom ntej no, lub qab ntawm lub qhov tsoo loosened thiab ncuav rau hauv nws sab saum toj txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Cov hauv qab txheej yog tov nrog compost (3 thoob), ntoo tshauv (700 g), pob zeb hauv av fertilizer (1 kg), slimed txiv qaub (300 g). Qhov sib tov tag nrho yog poured rau hauv ib lub qhov.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nco ntsoov ua raws li lub sij hawm ntawm kev npaj ntawm aub tsiv - yog tias chiv tsis muaj lub sij hawm rau perepret, ces qhov no yuav ua rau tsob ntoo.Cov kauj ruam-ua-theem txheej txheem kev cog qoob:
- Ua ntej cog ntoo, ntsia nws cov hauv paus hniav. Tsaus los yog puas cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum tau txuam nrog txiab.
- Hauv ib lub qhov uas twb npaj lawm, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib lub qhov txog 70 cm, thiab qhov dav yuav tsum sib haum mus rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub hauv paus.
- Thaum cog ntau tsob ntoo, ib tug yuav tsum koom rau qhov kev ncua deb ntawm seedlings ntawm txog 3 m, thiab nruab nrab ntawm kab - 5 m.
- Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov taub ntawm lub ntiaj teb koj yuav tsum tau ua kom ib tug toj uas lub keeb kwm ntawm tsob ntoo raug zoo zoo tawm.
- Av sab saping sprinkled evenly mus rau sawv ntawm aub tsiv. Lub hauv paus caj dab yuav tsum siab tshaj hauv av ntawm 7 cm.
- Tom qab ntawd nws yog tsim nyog ramming rau hauv av saum toj no.
- Koj yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev nyuab siab me me raws puag ncig ntawm lub qhov dej - qhov no yuav pab tau kom ntub dej.
- Cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo yog mulched nrog sawdust los yog peat.
- Nws yog tsim nyog rau dej tsob ntoo 3 thoob dej.
- Yog li hais tias tsob ntoo tsis khoov thiab so, nws muaj peev xwm raug khi rau ib tug pas, uas yog tso ua ntej ntawm ib tug deb ntawm txog 5 cm los ntawm tsob ntoo pob tw.
Cov ntu ntawm kev saib xyuas raws caij nyoog rau cov ntoo hauv cov ntoo
Yuav kom tau ib qho zoo txhua xyoo, koj yuav tsum tau tu lub kua ntoo.
Koj puas paub? Vim archaeological excavations, nws yog paub tias cov neeg siv txiv apples ua khoom noj txij li 6500 BC. er
Ua noj, hwv thiab xoob
Yog tias nws tsis los nag, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau ywg dej 3 zaug ib hlis twg. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub yim hli ntuj, watering yog nres. Tsis tas li ntawd xyuas kom meej tias cov av tsis qhuav tawm ib ncig ntawm lub tsob ntoo kua. Tom qab watering nws loosened. Weeding yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau tshem ntawm weeds.
Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm mulch
Mulch pristvolny lub voj voog nyob rau hauv lub Autumn ntawm humus - nws ua raws li ib tug ntxiv kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam Frost. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov mulch tsis pub siv cov nroj tsuag tawm thiab ua kom cov nroj tsuag khaws cia hauv cov av. 
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo, lub kua ntoo tsis yuav tsum tau fertilizing. Los ntawm ob xyoo nws yuav tsum tau fertilized yam tsawg kawg 3 zaug ib lub caij. Rau thawj lub sij hawm (nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub Plaub Hlis), thaum khawb ib ncig ntawm lub thoob voj voog, 500 g ntawm urea, 40 g ntawm nitroammophoska, 30 g ntawm nitrate, thiab 4 compost thoob.
Cov nram qab no pub mis yog nqa tawm thaum lub sij hawm flowering: poov tshuaj sulphate (400 g), superphosphate (0.5 kg), urea (250 g) yog diluted nyob rau hauv 100 liv dej. Cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ib lub lim tiam. Lawv tau nchuav tsob ntoo hauv cov huab cua qhuav.
Ib lub hlis tom qab lub tsob ntoo pib pib tawg, chiv yog thov rau peb lub sij hawm: nitrophoska (500 g), qhuav sodium humate (10 g) yog yaj hauv 100 l dej. Txhua tsob ntoo yuav tsum 3 lub thoob rau cov tshuaj no.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov nws yog zoo dua rau kev coj foliar hnav khaub ncaws nrog ib tug urea daws rau Txau. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov mineral pob zeb, xws li "Nutrivant Plus", "Kemira Lux", "Akvarin". 
Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv
Yuav kom tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag, yuav tsum tiv thaiv:
- Yuav tua cov kab nkag thiab qee cov kab mob fungal, cov kua ntoo yog txau mus txog thaum lub buds raug yaj nrog ib qho xiav cov kua mis ntawm vitriol thiab tov ntawm urea. Kev kho nrog tib cov kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum rov qab ua dua 15 hnub tom qab.
- Thaum lub sij hawm flowering, tsob ntoo yog sprayed nrog Bordeaux sib tov thiab karbofos daws. Tom qab 20 hnub, kev kho yuav tsum rov qab.
- 30 hnub ua ntej harvesting, txau yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj anabasin.
Yog xav tau bountiful sau ntawm apples, nyeem dab tsi rau sprinkle ib lub kua ntoo los ntawm pests.
Cropping thiab crown tsim
Xav txog thaum nws tsim nyog los tua lub kua ntoo. Ib lub sij hawm tsis tsim nyog rau qhov no yog xam cov caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg (tom qab nplooj tau poob). 
Txoj cai txiav txim:
- yuav tsum siv cov khoom siv;
- puas thiab qhuav ceg yuav tsum raug txiav kom noj qab haus huv ntoo;
- hemp yog zoo dua tsis tawm. Qhov kev txiav yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ntawm ib lub kaum sab saum toj ntawm sab ceg lossis lub raum;
- yog hais tias qhov kev txiav yog loj, ces nws yog kho nrog vaj twawb.
Npaj rau lub caij ntuj no
Ua ntej qhov pib ntawm Frost, lub bark ntawm tsob ntoo yog ntxuav ntawm Moss, lichen thiab kho cuam tshuam cov cheeb tsam nrog tooj liab sulphate. Ua zoo pruning, tshem puas ceg. Lub thoob yuav tsum tau dawb ua dawb, thiab cov kab nrib pleev thiab qhov txhab yuav tsum tau kho nrog lub vaj teb. Lub ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv cov ntoo yog cleared ntawm khib nyiab, cov av yog dug li, thiab ces mulched nrog compost. Cov ceg ntoo tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv ntxiv ntawm Frost thiab kab tsuag. Lawv los yog tolyom tuaj yeem npog lub pob tw ntawm ib tsob ntoo kua. 
Theem "Orlovy" yog qhov ua tsis tiav hauv kev cog qoob thiab tawm. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj qhov zoo nkauj thiab zoo saj. Vim qhov no, qhov no muaj ntau yam nrov heev ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.
