Kua ntoo nyob ntawm cov paj ntoo zoo nkauj tshaj plaws. Txawm tias muaj qhov tshwm tshiab ntawm ntau yam tshiab, coob leej xav tau pov thawj lub zos cov kab.
Txog ib qho ntawm cov no yuav qhia rau hauv txoj kev rov qab xyuas no. Xav txog lub kua Kua ntoo "Papirovka", li cas nws tau cog thiab tu.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Qhov ntau yam yog txiav txim siab nrov - nws tshwm sim los ntawm ntuj pollination, thiab nws ua nkauj nrov thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19.
Nws ntseeg hais tias lub tsev ntawm cov kua yog lub Baltic States, los ntawm qhov chaw kab kis mus rau Poland, Lub teb chaws Yelemees, Ukraine thiab sab hnub poob ntawm Russia. Ntxiv nrog rau lub xeem lub npe, ntau yam kuj hu ua "Alabaster" los yog "Baltic." 
Ntau coj cov ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau "dawb puv." Lawv yeej zoo sib xws, tiam sis tseem tsis pom zoo. Tam sim no, txawm tias kuv. V. Michurin taw qhia qhov txawv.
Yog tias koj xav txog dab tsi "Papirovka" thiab "Dawb filling", nws yuav paub meej li cas lawv txawv. Thawj tug muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau dua, lawv muaj kua thiab ntau dua acidic. Blush rau lawv tsis yog, thiab siav rau 2 lub lis piam tom qab, "dawb plaub hau". Cov ntoo tsis tshua muaj zog, tab sis yuav luag tsis muaj kab xau rau lawv.
Ntsuam xyuas xws li cov kua ntau yam li Medunitsa, Spartan, Khoom qab zib, Bogatyr, Lobo, Pepin saffron, Melba, Zhigulevskoe, Mechta, thiab txiaj.
Txheeb raws roj ntsha
Xav txog dab tsi yog ib tsob ntoo thiab nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tsob ntoo piav qhia
Tsob ntoo yog nruab nrab. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog yau, cov yas yuav tsa ib lub pyramid, nrog rau lub sij hawm nws yuav ntau dua. Skeletal ceg them nrog lub teeb grey bark. Oval nplooj - medium, ntsuab-grey, nrog txhawb tswv yim. 
Thawj cov qoob loo yog tsim nyob rau luv luv tua (3-4 cm) nrog qaug zog ib txwm buds. Maj mam lawv ua cov ceg ntoo muaj zog.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua ntej cog ib tug tub ntxhais hluas seedling, npaj ib lub zog peg uas yuav tuav lub pob tw.Nruab nrab-qhov loj qhov me tawm yog hnyav pubescent, nrog txiv ntseej-xim av bark. Vegetative buds yog me me thiab ca, grey xim. Rose buds yog loj. Cov nplaum paj ntawm paj ntau dua, qee zaum lawv tuaj nyob nrog cov paj yeeb.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Txheej
Apples yog nruab nrab hauv qhov hnyav (feem ntau yog 80-120 g). On cov tub ntxhais hluas ntoo tau loj hlob thiab ntau ceeb - nyob rau hauv 130-180 g.
Lawv yog cov puag ncig, qee zaus conical nyob rau hauv cov duab, nrog ib tug ntsuab-daj tsos nqaij daim tawv. Daim tawv nqaij yog nyias thiab du, nrog ib tug tuab txheej ntawm wax. Thaum twg tag nrho mature, nws hloov dawb.
Nqa cov nqaij ntawm cov xim dawb yog qab zib thiab qaub. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tsa lub dos, nrog lub teeb xim daj ntawm cov duab tsis zoo. 
Pollination
Loj paj nyiam ntau kab, yog li tsis muaj teeb meem nrog pollination.
Koj puas paub? Tus legendary I. V. Michurin ua tus sau ntawm 9 ntau yam ntawm apples. Lub "pub" rau qee leej yog "Kitayka" ntau yam, peb paub nyob rau hauv peb cheeb tsam txij li lub sij hawm immemorial.Rau cov nyhuv dua, khaub lig-pollination siv. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov neeg zej zog rau "Papirovka" yog ntau yam "Anis Scarlet" thiab "Borovinka".
Gestation lub sijhawm
Lub caij ntuj sov-qib ntoo pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv 3-5 xyoo tom qab cog. Hauv qee thaj tsam, txiv ntseej tshwm sim rau xyoo 6 (nws nyob ntawm cov huab cua hauv cheeb tsam).
Tom qab no lub sij hawm, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen los ntawm lub xyoo caum kawg ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj los yog nyob rau hauv thawj hnub ntawm Lub yim hli ntuj. 
Tawm
Qhov ntau yam yog suav tias yog high-yielding. 50-75 kg ntawm apples raug muab tshem tawm los ntawm ib tug 10-xyoo-laus ntoo.
Fruiting tseem rau 40-55 xyoo, nws tuaj yeem raug hu kom ruaj khov. Tab sis muaj qee cov nuances: piv txwv li, tom qab ib qho kev sib txig, qhov sau qoob rau xyoo tom ntej yuav me dua. Nws tshwm sim hais tias nws tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho - tsob ntoo coj "pa", los yog huab cua cia nws cia.
Raws li tsob ntoo hnub nyoog, yields maj txo.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Siv tsuas yog manure rau fertilizer. Fresh muaj ntau ntawm hydrogen sulfide thiab ammonia, uas tau "hlawv" tsis paub qab hau.
Kev thauj khoom thiab kev cia khoom
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj lub zoo meej zoo - nrog cov dej kom zoo, lawv tsis poob tawm. Tab sis nrog kev thauj mus los thiab cia khoom nyuab dua. 
Cov tawv nqaij muag heev yog kev puas tsuaj heev, thiab cov tsos ntawm cov khoom tom qab ntev "mus txawv tebchaws" yuav luag tsis tau tshwj tseg - qhov kev thauj mus los yog tsawg. Thiab yog hais tias tsaus nti pom nyob rau hauv apples, muaj ib qho kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev lag luam sai.
Lub neej txuag lub neej yog 1 lub hli. Tom qab ntawd lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo poob lawv saj thiab noj haus zoo. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm kom lawv nyob rau hauv tub yees kuj yog undesirable - muaj ib tug "poob" nyob rau hauv 2-3 lub lim piam.
Lub caij ntuj no hardiness
"Papirovka" tolerates lub caij ntuj no. Me me frosts nyob rau hauv kev siv ntawm huab cua kev nyab xeeb tsis ua tshwj xeeb raug mob rau cov ntoo.
Ua ib qho kev ruaj ntseg, qhov qis dua ntawm lub cev yog sov, thiab lub voj voog hauv qab-thoob tsaws nrog mulch. Qhov no muaj tseeb rau sab qaum teb.
Kab Mob thiab Kab Tsuag Kab Tsuag
Qhov ntau txaus siab nrog zoo tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag. Muaj tseeb, ntev heev frosts los yog lub caij nyoog ua kom ntev tau txo qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kua ntoo. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov neeg zej zog - tus mob muaj peev xwm mus tom ntej ntawm tsob ntoo uas twb cuam tshuam lawm. 
Pests yog feem ntau attracted mus rau bark, tsis yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo, yog li ntawd lub pob tw thiab crown yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv Autumn.
Nws yuav pab tau rau koj kom paub txog cov kab tsuag loj ntawm cov kua ntoo.
Daim ntawv thov
Cov kua thiab sai softening apples yog zoo tagnrho rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv muaj peev xwm ntxiv rau ntau yam jams thiab sib tov nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm jam los ntawm txawv txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab berries.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv seedlings thaum yuav
Ua ntej yuav lub kua ntoo "Papirovka" koj yuav tsum tau rov nyeem cov lus piav qhia thiab pom cov duab ntawm no ntau yam, tab sis es nug txog kev xyuas ntawm gardeners uas loj hlob no ntau yam. Xaiv ib lub sapling, nco ntsoov cov ntsiab lus:
- Khaws ib lub qhov muag ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Lawv yuav tsum yog tag nrho, ntub thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm nyob rau hauv ib lub clump ntawm av. Qhuav, tawg thiab liab qab raug tshem tawm.
Koj puas paub? Kuj ceeb tias, lub Kua muab lub npe ... ib lub txiv kab ntxwv! Thaum xub thawj pom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv Suav teb, Dutch cov neeg tsav nkoj coj nws mus rau lub zos me me, hu rau nws apfelsine.
- On lub keeb kwm yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav blistering thiab mob loj hlob. Cov txheej txheem noj qab haus huv yeej ib txwm dawb nyob hauv kev txiav. Yog hais tias xim av xim av catches lub qhov muag - lub yos yog twb khov.
- Zoo dua yuav tsum tau noj ib xyoos ib zaug ntawm tsob ntoo ntoo. Tsis muaj cov ceg ntoo tsim rau nws, thiab tsob ntoo yuav zoo dua ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv.
- Kev kho mob nkeeg. Yog hais tias, thaum koj tau tawv nqaij, koj pom ib txoj hlua khov ntsuab, ces txhua yam yog qhov qub.
- Lub meej mom ntawm lub pob tw. Nyob rau hauv ib tsob ntoo feem ntau grafted, nws yuav tsis poob tawm.
Cov kev cai rau cog Kua seedlings
Agrotechnology yog paub txog kev paub gardeners, tab sis rau beginners nws tej zaum tseem yog ib tug paub tsis meej. Peb yuav daws tau nws ua ke, xaiv txoj cai ntawm kev tsaws nyob hauv kev nthuav dav.
Lub sijhawm zoo
"Paps" yog cog nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj lig - thawj ib nrab ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj. Cov ntsiab lus no yuav hloov me ntsis (rau 1, qhov siab tshaj 2 lub lis piam) yog hais tias muaj qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm kev ua si dua.
Xaiv qhov chaw
Rau cog xaiv xaiv ib tug tus, zoo-zes cheeb tsam nrog tsim drainage - cov dej yuav tsum tsis txhob sawv rau ib lub sij hawm ntev. Qhov tob ntawm av - tsawg kawg 1 m (nyiam dua tshwm sim txog 1.5).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qaub xau "txhim kho", ua ke qhia txog humus mus rau qhov chaw. Rau 1 square. m siv 200-800 g ntawm cov khoom, nyob ntawm seb tus mob ntawm cov av.Sapling sim muab tso ze ntawm lwm lub hauv paus ntoo ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 4-5 m.
Qhov chaw npaj
Hauv cheeb tsam tseg, tshem tag nrho cov khib nyiab thiab tshem cov hauv paus hniav laus. Los ntawm kev xav, cov av yog leveled, knocking lub hillocks los yog poob pw tsaug zog lub qub grooves. Lub teeb loam yog suav tias yog lub zoo tagnrho av, tab sis lwm hom yog tsim rau (tshwj tsis yog rau cov ntses qis heev).
Ib lub lim tiam ua ntej lub caij npaj, ib qhov yog dug (txog 90 cm), nyob rau hauv qab ntawm uas ib tug fertilizer yog pw. On ib thoob ntawm humus (10 l) noj 1 kg ntawm "pob zeb dej" thiab 750 g ntawm ntoo tshauv, do thiab poob pw tsaug zog nyob rau hauv qab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tso rau saum txheej ntawm av cais (pouring nyob rau hauv ib tug heap on ib sab ntawm lub qhov).
Seedlings npaj
Ua tib zoo soj ntsuam lub seedlings, them nyiaj tshwj xeeb mloog mus rau lub keeb kwm. Sim moisten lub fibrous keeb kwm thaum lub sij hawm cia - kev loj hlob nyob ntawm lawv.
Koj puas paub? Ntsuab txiv apples piv haum nrog lawv cov "cov kwv tij" liab los ntawm ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm vitamin C.Lwm hom qub yog paub. Mullein thiab av nplaum sib tov kom txog thaum tus dej thiab ncuav dej. Nyob rau hauv no tov thiab txo lub keeb kwm, tom qab uas lawv yog ib me ntsis qhuav. Tam sim no ziab tsis yog scary. Hnub ua ntej cog, lub keeb kwm yog muab tso rau hauv dej (los ntawm 4 teev mus rau hnub). Ntawm chav kawm, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob rub lub kua ntoo - puas tsuaj rau txhua yam.
Cov txheej txheem thiab qauv
Tus tsaws nws tus kheej zoo li no:
- Av nyob rau hauv lub qhov yog ncaj qha loosened (on ib qib mau bayonet).
- Deferred topsoil yog tov nrog tws peat los yog manure. Ntxiv superphosphate (250 g) los yog 350 g ntawm tshauv. Tag nrho cov no mus rau hauv lub qhov taub, lawv tsaug zog los ntawm 2/3.
- Sapling muab mus rau ib tug peg thiaj li hais tias qhov siab ntawm hauv paus ntseg tsho los ntawm hauv av yog txog 5-6 cm.
- Cov keeb kwm yog bred on sab thiab sprinkled nrog remnants ntawm cov av, tsis nco qab mus kaw qhov ob txhais ceg.
- Chib khi rau ib tug pas.
- Nws tseem ua lub qhov thiab ncuav ntau heev (3-4 thoob). Koj muaj peev xwm sprinkle nrog mulch (3-5 cm), haum straw, peat los yog humus.
Cov ntu ntawm kev saib xyuas raws caij nyoog rau cov ntoo hauv cov ntoo
Kev tu cov ntoo txhua xyoo yuav muab faib ua peb theem: caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg. Txhua tus lawv muab nws cov hom haujlwm. Xaiv cov lus nyob rau hauv.
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav kev mob tuaj rau:
- kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas;
- kev kho mob ntawm qhov mob thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj;
- pruning diseased los yog tawg ceg;
- pub mis ntoo.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qee tus siv cov laus qub zoo li mulch. Qhov no yog ua tau, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov kub nws tsis yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo - lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiaj li hais tias keeb kwm tau "ua pa".Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, xws li cov txheej txheem muab ntxiv yog:
- raws caij dej;
- txau thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob.
- tsob ntoo yuav noj;
- nco ntsoov ua kom muaj lub cev ntsa qaub;
- yog tias tsim nyog, ntxiv txau ntawm kab tsuag.
Kev tu xyuas av
Qhov no ntau yam yog picky heev txog noo noo thiab tsis zam drought. Yog li, qhov "Pap" yuav tsum tau muab cov dej ntau zaus thiab xauv npo. Rau cov cheeb tsam nrog ib tug huab cua sov, ib tug ib xyoos-xyoo seedling ntawm 2-3 thoob rau ib tsob ntoo nrog ib tug caij nyoog ntawm 10-12 hnub yuav txaus. Hauv ntau cheeb tsam arid, tib qhov dej yuav tsum muab ntxiv txhua lub lim tiam.
Yog tias koj tso cov "nag", nws yuav siv li 2 teev.
Koj puas paub? Japanese Chisato Ivasagi nyob rau hauv 2005 loj hlob lub loj tshaj plaws lub kua - lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau dai 1,849 kg. Tseeb tiag, qhov no tau ua dhau los ua haujlwm 20 xyoo, nrog rau kev tswj hla kev.Rau cov ntoo ntawm 3 xyoos, lub caij nyoog nruab nrab ntawm watering yog me ntsis txo, lawv tsis xav tau kua raws li cov tub ntxhais hluas.
Qhov kawg, kev siv cov dej prewinter yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj cov ntaub so ntsiag to hauv lub caij ntuj sov. Nyob rau hauv lig Lub kaum hli ntuj - thaum ntxov Kaum ib hlis, on 1 square. m pristvolny lub voj voog coj 80-100 liv dej. Rau cov ntoo uas zoo hydrated nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, koj yuav siv sij hawm me me - nws tsuas yog tawv lub kua ntoo. 
Weeding yog ib txwm - peb tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag thaum lawv tshwm, tsis pub lawv noj cov hauv paus.
Tib yam siv rau kev xoob: cov voj voog yuav tsum tau haus dej tom qab txhua qhov dej. Cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum tau txais tsis yog ya raws xwb, tab sis kuj yog huab cua, yog li sim tiv thaiv qhov zoo li ntawm ib tug "crust".
Lub hom mulch nyob ntawm nws lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev siv. Noo av khaws me me tawv (txheej 5 cm), uas yuav muab tso rau tom qab thawj zaug watering. Yuav kom tsis txhob overheat cov av, sawdust yog raug poured, mus txog rau 7 cm Moss, on qhov tsis tooj, yog pw rau ua kom sov li - 10 cm yog txaus.
Fertilization
Unpretentious Kua ntoo txaus 2-3 "pub" rau lub caij.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov nyob tus yeees rau whitewashing yog npaj raws li nram no: nyob rau hauv 2 liv dej ntxiv 300 g ntawm txiv qaub thiab 2 tbsp. l clerical glue, tag nrho cov tov rau ib tug tag nrho loj. Tab sis rau lub xyoo-laus ntoo nws yuav txaus rau coj ib tug me me crayon.Thawj noj mov ua tau tam sim tom qab lub caij ntuj no "hibernation". 550 g ntawm urea thiab nitroammophoska (tsis pub ntau tshaj 40 g) ntxiv rau 4-5 thoob ntawm humus. Tag nrho cov no hliv rau hauv voj voog rau kev khawb.
Lub sij hawm tom ntej yog lub sij hawm flowering. 250 g ntawm urea thiab 0.5 l ntawm slurry yog poured rau hauv 2 liv ntawm kua nqaij qaib manure. Muaj tseem superphosphate nrog poov tshuaj sulfate (100 thiab 65 g txhua). 3-4 thoob ntawm xws li ib tug "mix" raug coj los rau hauv ib tsob ntoo, muaj kev sib npaug.Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, urea daws yog poured (750 g / 10 l dej). Rov qab hais tias kua chiv raug siv nyob rau hauv qhuav huab cua, nrog ib tug high humidity lawv noj qhuav daws, sprinkling circles rau lawv.
Tua tawm tsam cov kab mob crown thiab kab tsuag
Tsis muaj tsob ntoo muaj kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam kab mob ntawm bark, nplooj thiab paj. Yog li ntawd, gardeners muaj nrog lawv.
Fungal kab mob zoo li powdery mildew, milky luster thiab scab yog yooj yim los kov yeej. Cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua rau lub sij hawm tso zis. 
Yog hais tias qhov teeb meem tshwm sim ua ntej flowering, ntxiv 10 liv ntawm urea mus rau 10 liv dej thiab tshuaj tsuag lub crowns. Nyob rau hauv rau theem tom qab ntawm lub caij loj hlob, soda tshauv yog npaum li cas rau processing (75 g rau tib volume).
Nrog qhov chaw tob (qhov kub, cytosporosis, mob cancer ntawm lub cortex) yog qhov teeb meem nyuab dua. Mob siab raug muab tshem tawm, thiab txiav cov ntsiab lus yog smeared nrog ci ntsa iab ntsuab los yog linseed roj, vaj teb ntau yam kuj haum.
Tua kab tsuag pests "repel" xws li compounds:
- Kua blossoms txaws nrog "Fufanon" (10 ml / 10 l dej) los yog "Carbofos" (90 g). Ib tsob ntoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj 5 l ntawm kev daws, thiab ib tug hluas ib - 2 l. Tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam, kev kho mob rov qab.
Koj puas paub? Lub paj txiv ntoo yog lub cim cim ntawm lub xeev Michigan.
- Listovertka tsis kam "Nitrofen" (200 g / 10 l). Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav lawv spray cov av nyob rau hauv tsob ntoo.
- Thaum pom cov aphids, lawv tshem cov kab uas muaj kab mob thiab tshem cov ceg ntoo nrog "Fufanon" lossis "Ditox", nplawm raws li cov lus qhia.
- Tib cov tshuaj pab thiab tawm ntawm cov zuam.
Ntau tus tsis kam siv "Chemistry". Muaj kuj yog ib yam khoom ntuj tsim: chamomile infusion. 200 g ntawm av paj yog npaum li cas rau ib thoob dej. Txhaum li 12 teev, cov kua tso tawm. Txoj kev lis ntshav yog npaj txhij.Cropping thiab crown tsim
Ntau ntau nyob ntawm cov qauv cwj pwm hauv thawj 2 xyoo. Thaum xub thawj pruning, tus lusteb skeletal ceg sab laug. Nyob rau lwm sab ntawm lub pob tw, kwv yees nyob rau tib theem nrog lawv, tej zaum yuav muaj sib tw cov neeg tuaj koom zuj zus nyob rau hauv ib qho kev mob. Lawv raug muab tshem tawm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov ntoo nrog ib qhov siab ntawm 4 meters los yog ntau tshaj qhov no. Nws tsis yooj yim rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog "Giants" - tsis yog txhua sprayer yuav ncav cuag cov ceg siab, thiab nws yog qhov tsis zoo los tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm lawv.Lub medium-qhov loj qhov me ceg txiav yog ib tug thib peb, thiab sab ceg raug coj los rau hauv ib theem. Cov txo qis yog txiav me ntsis, ua cov qis tshaj. Yuav kom koom tes hauv txiav hluas hluas sapling yog tsis muaj nqis nws, yog li ntawd raws li tsis txhob raug mob.
Tom qab "Papirovka" pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nqa tawm ntxawg pruning. Txhua yam yog yooj yim ntawm no - txhua xyoo, txawm ua ntej flowering, free lub crown los ntawm tsis tseem ceeb ceg. Qhov no yog xws li tshwm sim tsuas yog ob peb pieces, thiab tus txheej txheem tsis ua ntau dag zog. Xws li cov txiv apples tsis tau rub kom tuab. Cov ceg ntoo yog luv 1, qhov siab tshaj 2 buds, tsis muaj ntxiv.
Mob siab raug muab tshem tawm sai sai, tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas.
Kawm txog cov lus qhia zoo tshaj plaws rau kev txiav cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo.Mature ntoo yuav tsum rejuvenating pruning. Ceg ntoo raug txiav uas tsis hlob lawv tus kheej thiab cuam tshuam nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov cheeb tsam uas muaj ib qho kev qaug zog txhua xyoo (10-15 cm) raug tshem tawm, tawm hauv qhov chaw uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm qub kev loj hlob (ntawm 25 cm ntawm ib xyoos).
Qhov no tsis yog qhov kev ua haujlwm ib zaug - xws li "kev khiav lag luam" nrog cov qub ntoo pib tshwm sim rau ob peb xyoos ua ke.
Kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam txias thiab nas
Tom qab Autumn whitewashing thiab hnav khaub ncaws ntoo yog npaj rau Frost. Voj voog intensively mulch (ib txheej tuab ob zaug). 
Cov thawv tuaj yeem them cov ntaub ntawv yuav luag, tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum:
- qub rags;
- vov khoom lossis vov tsev;
- hnab;
Koj puas paub? Ntawm cov ntoo, ib yam nkaus thiab, muaj ntau "lub siab ntev". Ib ntawm lawv yog ib qho kua ntoo, cog thaum ntxov li 1647. Nws tau landed los ntawm Peter Stuvesant, thiab nws tseem loj hlob hauv Manhattan.
- cellophane kuj yuav haum. Tab sis nws, zoo li kev vov tsev, yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thaum thawj zaug thaw thiaj li hais tias lub hwj tsis txhawj;
- Tsoos "windings" ntawm cov ciav, straw, los yog spruce kuj pab tau, tab sis xws li vaj tse tuaj yeem txuas cov kab tsuag uas nrhiav ib qho chaw rau lub caij ntuj no.
Los ntawm txoj kev, txog "toothy". Lawv yuav tsis ua mob yog tias lub tsob ntoo kua hauv nrog cov "tsis-qhwv" lossis nylon khoom lag luam. Lawv tuaj yeem them rau cov ceg ntoo thiab cov thwj cim. Qhov zoo tib yam yuav yog los ntawm spruce ob txhais ceg, qhwv ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw nrog cov koob downwards. 
Nas tsis txhob xiav xiav vitriol. 100 g ib 10 l dej, nphoo 2 l rau ib tus hluas nkauj saping thiab 10 l ib tus neeg laus ntoo. Kev ua haujlwm zoo li no hauv lub Kaum Ib Hlis yuav cawm koj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau yav tom ntej. Cov nyhuv tib yam hauv 1% Bordeaux kua.
Txoj hau kev tiv thaiv kev cog qoob loo ntawm caj npab loj yog cog cov nplua nuj ntawm qhov siab hauv lub voj voog uas tau khawb av lawm. Правда, для неохраняемой дачи это не лучший вариант - ограждение могут утащить уже двуногие "вредители".
Важно! Некоторые плотно трамбуют снег вокруг дерева, тем самым лишая полевок возможности передвигаться. С другой стороны, это трудоемко - уплотнять слой нужно после каждого снегопада.Бюджетный вариант - несколько крупных кружков, вырезанных из черного картона. Lawv ntshai tsom.
Hopefully tam sim no lub kua ntoo ntawm cov tsi "Papirovka" tsis sawv cev rau ib daim ntawv tshwj xeeb rau peb cov nyeem. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, feem ntau kev saib xyuas, tab sis tsis tu ncua. Cov kev vam meej hauv lub vaj!
