Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm domesticated quail pojniam yog tias raws li ib tug ntawm yug me nyuam, lawv ua poob lawm lub instinct ntawm hatching qe.
Raws li ib qho kev xaiv, koj muaj peev xwm muab quail qe nyob rau hauv domestic doves, hens, hens.
Xwb, siv ntau tus kab txawv ntawm incubators rau hatching cov tub ntxhais hluas poultry.
Tsis hais hom twg ntawm cov kev lag luam uas koj xaiv, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nyob twj ywm tsis tau thiab tsis hloov raws li tag nrho cov neeg mob.
Tus txheej txheem ntawm incubating quail qe yog tsis complicated, nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom txawj sai dua rau ib tug beginner, yog tias koj ua raws li cov kev cai yooj yim.
Kev xaiv rau kev xaiv quail qe rau kev tsim kom loj hlob
Qhov nruab nrab hatchability quail thaum lub sij hawm khoom tsim tsim yog 70%.
Muaj ntau yam tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim kom muaj kev tsim kom loj hlob, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov qe (qhov hnyav, zoo li cas, hnub nyoog ntawm cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej), qhov cua, qhov siab, kub, qhov av nyob rau hauv incubator, ntawm cov qe cog qoob.
Qhov zoo ntawm qe rau tsim kom loj hlob yog nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm broodstock, pub ntawm txiv neej thiab pojniam, lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov niam txiv, qhov ratio nyob rau hauv lub broodstock ntawm tus poj niam txiv neej.
Yuav kom tau hatching qe nws yog muaj kuab kom muaj cov tsiaj txhu tsiaj txhu (los yog herd).
Cov pab pawg neeg yuav tsum tau xaiv los ntawm lwm pab tsiaj, vim cov noog no tsis tshua muaj kev sib nkag siab txog kev sib deev. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm "mating ze" mating yog txo mus txog 50%, thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas qhov kev tuag ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tsiaj txhu nce.
Cov pojniam rau kev siv tshuaj yaj ywm raug xaiv ntawm lub hnub nyoog 2 txog 8 lub hlis. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, lawv cov qe yog khaws cia, tab sis feem pua ntawm cov qe fertilized qis, yog li lub qe ntawm pojniam laus dua yim lub hlis zoo dua siv ua zaub mov.
Qhov ncav kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txivneej tsuas ntev txog peb lub hlis (pib los ntawm ob lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog), tom qab uas nws yog ntshaw kom hloov lawv rau cov hluas.
Qhov tsim kom muaj tsiaj txhu yog tsim los ntawm txoj cai ntawm peb - plaub tug maum ib tug txiv neej. Cov nuj nqis no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, vim hais tias yog tias cov poj niam muaj ib tug txiv neej ntau dua, ces qhov fertility tus nqi ntawm cov qe ho txo, thiab raws li qhov tshwm sim, tag nrho ntawm qhov qhia tau hatchability.
Kev pub dawb kuj tsis tau qhov siab tshaj plaws.
Qhov zoo tshaj qhov ceeb thawj ntawm quail qe rau tsim kom loj hlob
Rau yug me nyuam quail nqaij (piv txwv li, qhov yug ntawm Pharaoh) yuav tsum xaiv qe hnyav 12-16 grams, thiab rau yug quail producers (qe kev coj) - 9-11 grams.
Cov qe loj dua, thiab cov me me muab cov txiaj ntsig phem tshaj plaws thaum lub sij hawm tsim kom loj hlob thiab thaum loj hlob hluas. Cov qe loj tuaj yeem muaj ob lub qe, thiab los ntawm qe me, raws li txoj cai, quails hatch tsawg dua.
Qhov tseeb daim ntawv ntawm quail qe rau tsim kom loj hlob
Tsis txhob xyaw cov qe dhau me me los yog loj heev. Qe yuav tsum tau xaiv kom yog, qe-puab, tsis heev elongated. Lub sij hawm muaj coob tus neeg loj hlob ntawm lub plhaub tsis pub muaj. Lub plhaub yuav tsum nrog me me ntawm pigmentation, tsis tsaus heev hauv xim. sib nrauj sib luag qe yuav tsum tsis txhob qias neegThaum lawv pib ua kom zoo dua qub, tus kab mob nyob ze thiab qis dua nyob hauv cov menyuam yaus.
Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev muab tso rau hauv lub incubator tsis muaj tus naj npawb ntawm huv lub qe, ces cov qias neeg tuaj yeem yuav raug ntxuav nrog 3% ntawm cov kua zaub permanganate thiab cia qhuav.
Koj tuaj yeem soj ntsuam qhov zoo ntawm cov quail qe rau ib qho kev sib tw nrog kev pabcuam ntawm lub chaw kuaj mob. Qhov no yog hom xoo hluav taws xob, uas muab lus qhia ntxaws ntxiv rau quail. Nrog nws, koj tuaj yeem ua tus culling ntawm cov qe unsuitable rau kev tsim kom loj hlob. Pab pawg no suav nrog:
- qe nrog ob lub nkaub nyom;
- muaj ntau hom me ntsis rau ntawm cov protein thiab qe ntses;
- me kab nrib pleb hauv plhaub;
- Yog hais tias tus yolk daig rau lub plhaub los yog poob mus rau hauv ib qho ntse kawg;
- yog cov pa ya tuaj yeem pom hauv lub ntse kawg lossis sab ntawm lub qe.
Peb txhua tus muaj peev xwm tsim ib qho ovoskop. Ua li no, siv lub me me kheej kheej nrog lub taub ntawm lub qe. Rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm daim ntawv los tsim daim ntawv los yog tuab daim ntawv los yog ib tug khoob tin tau. Nyob rau ntawm lub kawg rau nruab ib lub teeb teeb.
Qe yuav tsum muab cia rau 18 ° C. Rau kev tsim kom muaj kev tsim kom zoo koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia ntau tshaj xya hnub, txawm tias qhov tseeb hais tias qe rau tib neeg noj, yuav muab khaws cia rau txog peb lub hlis.
Yog tias lub qe khaws cia txog li kaum hnub, ua ntej lawv muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm, qhov feem pua hatchability yuav tsis pub tshaj 50%. Nws tsis muaj nqi uas yuav tsum tau sau kom muaj ntau lub sij hawm ntev tshaj, vim tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov embryos yuav tsum tau piam sij hauv lub qe, thiab qhov feem pua ntawm cov av hatchability txo txhua hnub.
Tab sis, muaj qee tus yug kab mob uas muaj peev xwm khav ntawm yug me nyuam chicks los ntawm lub niaj zaus quail qe yuav los ntawm cov khw muag khoom noj.
Nws tshua undeniable tias hatchability, thiab raws li qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Tshuag, yog heev ntau nyob rau qhov zoo thiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj haus ntawm tsim kom loj hlob pej xeem. Cov lus ntawm lub qe, lub ntxiv tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm embryos, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm pub pub rau ntawm stock stock. Embryonic txoj kev loj hlob muaj tsis xws nrog lub cev tsis muaj kev ua si ntawm cov noog nyob rau hauv captivity, nrog ib tug tsis muaj ntsuab fodder thiab ultraviolet hluav taws xob, raws li ib tug ntawm zoo piv nrog matings.
Quail qoob tsim kab tshoob - peculiarities ntawm hatching
Yog tias koj pom cov ntaub ntawv hauv Internet tias cov hiav txwv yog 100%, tsis txhob ntseeg tias cov chaw no.
Nws yog yooj yim heev los cuam tshuam no hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, txawm nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov yam zoo ntawm kev raug txim, fertility theem ntawm quail qe yog tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 80-85%, thiab qhov no yog qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev ua lom ntawm quails.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim mos tsim tsis tshua muaj ntau tshaj qhov teeb meem ntawm 70-80%. Cov kev tshwm sim no, ntxiv nrog rau cov nqe lus saum toj no, raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tej yam zoo li no:
- yam ntxwv ntawm tus qauv tsim tawm;
- av noo;
- kub;
- qhov cua;
- siab
Kev tsim kom muaj peev xwm ua tau ntawm ntau hom kev tsim thiab hom, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias nws yog kev pab, zoo-insulated thiab nruab nrog ib lub ntsuas sov. Nws yog ntshaw tias nws muaj qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj kev xa cov qe, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi txaus ntshai, yog tias nws tsis muaj nyob, nws tsis yooj yim los ua koj tus kheej.
Embryonic txoj kev loj hlob yuav zoo, yog tias koj ncaj qha mus rau qhov kev xav tau hom.
Kev Npaj Ua Tub Ua Noj - Yuav Tsum Ua Nuances
Lub incubator nws tus kheej, ua ntej yuav tso nws yog tsim nyog yuav tau npaj, qhov no yog qhov ua kom thiaj li tiv thaiv tau kab mob. Ua li no, yaug nrog cov dej huv, dej sov, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tshuaj tua kab uas muaj quartz teeb lossis formaldehyde vapors, thiab tom qab ntawd nws qhuav nws.
Tom ntej Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los muab tus tsim kom khov rau 2-3 teev kom sov, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau kho ua ntej thiab xyuas kom tseeb tias nws yog nyob rau hauv zoo.
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov tso ntawm quail qe nyob rau hauv incubator?
Muaj ob txoj kev ntawm tso quail qe nyob rau hauv lub incubator: vertical thiab kab rov tav.
Qhov feem pua ntawm hatchability, nrog rau ob txoj kev ntawm bookmarking, yog kwv yees li sib npaug. Thaum lub sij hawm qaws, lub qe nyob rau hauv lub ntseg ntseg khoov me ntsis (los ntawm 30-40 ° C), thiab cov kab rov tav uas yob los ntawm ib sab mus rau sab.
Kab tav toj tso cai rau koj tso ntau lub qe nyob rau hauv incubator, thiab feem ntsug - tsawg dua.
Nws ua rau tsis muaj kev nkag siab los piav txog kev nthuav dav ntawm kab rov tav, nrog rau hom no nws yog txaus los mus kis tau lub qe rau hauv net. Tab sis nrog txoj kev ntsug muaj ib co nuances.
Ua ntej, los cim yuav tsum tau npaj cov tais, vim hais tias lub qe xwb tsis tau muab tso rau. Yog tias tsis muaj cov tais hauv cov kab tsim, lawv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov yas thoob yas txig rau nees nkaum quail qe.
Hauv txhua lub cell, ua rau peb lub millimeter qhov (nws yog qhov yooj yim heev ua ib tus ntsia thawv kub), tom qab ntawd muab cov qe nrog tus taw tes kawg, yog tias koj muab nws rau lwm txoj kev ncig, nws yuav ua rau hatchability ntxiv.
Yuav ua li cas kom nteg lub qe nyob rau hauv incubator yog li koj, yog tias, ntawm chav kawm, no nam tsis teev nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia ntawm incubator nws tus kheej. Txhua yam nws nyob ntawm qhov kuaj pom los yog tsis muaj ib lub tswv yim rau txoj kev xa, nrog rau cov me me thiab hom kev incubator.
Txawv sib txawv rau kev txua ncaus ntawm ntau lub sijhawm
Tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm quail tsim kom muaj peev xwm muab faib ua peb theem: Kuv - lub sij hawm sov so, II - lub hauv paus loj, III - lub sij hawm ua hmoov txhaws. Hauv qab no peb yuav kam nrog txhua tus ntawm lawv hauv kev xav paub ntau tshaj.
Cov hnub ntawm hnub: 1-3 hnub
Kub: 37.5 -38.5 ° C
Humidity: 60-70%
Tshaj tawm: Tsis xav tau
Airing: Tsis xav tau
Cov hnub ntawm hnub: 3-15 hnub
Kub: 37.7 ° C
Humidity: 60-70%
Tshaj tawm: 3 mus rau 6 zaug hauv ib hnub
Airing: Muaj ntau
Cov hnub: 15-17 hnub
Kub: 37.5 ° C
Humidity: 80 -90%
Tshaj tawm:Tsis xav tau
Airing: Muaj ntau
Thawj lub sij hawm ntawm tsim kom loj hlob - ua kom sov
Lub sijhawm ntawm lub sijhawm no yog thawj peb hnub. Qhov kub ntawm lub sij hawm no nyob rau hauv lub incubator yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav hauv qab lub 37.5 ° C, qhov siab tshaj plaws yog tso cai 38.5 ° C.
Pib, qhov ua kom zoo li qub yuav maj mam sov, raws li qhov no tshwm sim tom qab tso qe txias. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tos kom txog thaum lub qe yog tag nrho sov thiab tsuas yog tom qab uas tswj cov thermoregulatory, nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau ua qhov no ua ntej.
Lub sijhawm no nws tseem ceeb heev khaws lub qhov muag ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Yog tias thawj zaug koj teem 38.5 ° S ntawm tus tswj, ces tom qab ib pliag kub tau nce mus txog 42 ° S, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias cov jumps yuav tsum tau pom los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb cov nqaij qaib raws sijhawm thiab kho rau lub sijhawm.
Xws li lub sij hawm nkaus nyob ntawm seb tus neeg kaw lus xaiv. Raws li qhov no, nyob rau hauv thawj theem teem cov kub uas tau kho thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm incubator tsis muaj qe. Nyob rau qib no, tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua kev thaij thiab tig qe.
Qhov thib ob, los yog lub ntsiab, theem ntawm tsim kom loj hlob ntawm quail qe
Pib ntawm qhov thib ob theem ntawm tsim kom loj hlob tuaj rau hnub peb - plaub hnub, kav txog rau hnub thib kaum tsib. Nyob rau theem no, niaj hnub xa, txau, thiab cua ntawm cov qe yog txhais tau tias (yog tias tsis muaj qhov haujlwm zoo li no hauv kev ua haujlwm, ces koj yuav tsum ua txhua yam koj tus kheej, manually).
Cov kws ua poultry ua tau pom zoo rau qib thib ob ntawm kev tsim kom loj hlob tig lub qe peb rau rau zaus ib hnub. Ntawm chav kawm, yog tias tus tsim kom muaj kev ua haujlwm rau lub qe, nws yuav yooj yim ua, thiab yog tias qhov no tsis yog qhov teeb meem, ces qhov no yuav ua rau koj nyob ze rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
Tsis tuaj yeem yog hais txog txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib ntxig yog qhov tsis yooj yim, vim nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom lub embryo tsis lo rau lub plhaub thiab tom qab ntawd tsis tuag.
Nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias qhov kub tsis tshaj lub cim ntawm 37.7 ° S -38 ° C.
Nws yog tsim nyog sau tseg tias txij li ntawm qib thib rau mus rau hnub xya, lub qe yuav kub ntawm nws tus kheej thiab muab cua sov mus rau incubator, vim li no qhov kaw tsis siv neeg kaw ntawm qhov incubator yuav nce siab ntawm qhov kub ntawm 38 ° C, thiab qhov kub tseem yuav nce mus txog 40 ° C. Yog li, qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tau kho kom lub shutdown tsis nyob hauv qib 37.5 ° C, kev suav rau hauv cov nyiaj tau nce kub.
Yog tias koj siv lub cuab yeej rau thawj zaug, nws yuav ua teeb meem, siv ntxiv yuav coj kev zoo thiab kev to taub ntawm tag nrho cov nta.
Qhov feem pua hatchability nce tau yog hais tias lub qe yog ib ntu txias thiab cua txias thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem ntawm txoj kev xa khoom tuaj yeem pab ua cua txias (yog tias nws ua tiav lawm).
Tom qab hnub peb qhov tsim kom yuav tsum tau qhib ob peb zaug ib hnub. rau luv luv lub sij hawm. Thaum xub thawj, rau 2-3 feeb, smoothly, los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub tsim kom loj hlob lub sij hawm, coj xws ventilation rau 20 feeb. Tsis txhob ntshai ntawm qhov txheej txheem ntuj no, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv xwm qus poj niam yog yuam kom tawm hauv lub zes rau haus thiab noj.
Quail embryos, piv nrog embryos ntawm lwm cov noog, yog minimally susceptible mus ntev cuam tshuam rau lub khoom ntawm hluav taws xob mus rau incubator. Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm twg qhov kub nyob rau hauv incubator yuav mus rau 18 ° C rau ntev lub sij hawm, lub ntsiab tus nqi ntawm quail ntse hatched, tsuas yog ib tug me me tom qab tshaj tawm txoj hlua.
Koj tuaj yeem nkag siab tias qhov chaw nyob hauv tus txheej txheem koj ua yuam kev yog hais tias tus quail tsis tau coj tawm tom qab kaum xya hnub. Rau kev rov qab ua tiav reinsurance, tsis txhob kaw qhov incubator rau tsib hnub.
Nws kuj yog nthuav los nyeem txog kev pub quails.
Cov kab tawm tso - lub sijhawm rau peb lub sijhawm
Los ntawm hnub nyoog kaum rau hnub thib kaum ua pib lub sijhawm pib.
Hnub rau kaum rau hnub, txij li pib ntawm lub sij hawm teem tseg, lub qe yuav tsum tau tsiv mus rau lub hatcher (nyob ntawm tus tsim ntawm qhov kev tsim ua).
Cov no cov tais yuav tsum tsis txhob qhib rau saum toj, raws li quails tau dhia dhau ntawm ob sab. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, qhov tig thiab spraying ntawm qe kom nres, thiab qhov kub regime yog teem ntawm 37.5 ° C.
Tsis raugtxais thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua raws li tsoom fwv lub cev yog pom los ntawm peculiarities ntawm lub plhaub pecking:
- Yog hais tias qhov kev tsis txaus siab tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov kawg - qhov no qhia tias tsis muaj cua pauv.
- Tus nestling yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tshem ntawm lub plhaub ntawm nws tus kheej yog hais tias muaj ntau dhau heev lawm.
- Cov me nyuam qaib yuav tsis hatch tawm ntawm lub qe, yog tias cov av nyob ntawm ib theem qis, txhua yam yog piav qhia los ntawm lub pob txha thiab hardness ntawm daim nyias nyias.
Yog hais tias tus quail tsim kom muaj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qib siab tej yam kev mob, ces lub plhaub foom yuav tsum nyob rau hauv circumference ntawm blunt kawg. Tsis txhob sim pab cov me nyuam qaib, yog tias lawv tsis muaj lub zog txaus kom kov yeej cov qe qe lawv tus kheej, nws tsis paub tseeb tias qhov nqaij qaib no yuav muaj sia nyob yav tom ntej los yog yuav muaj kev noj qab haus huv zoo.
Vaum theem: Peb txiav txim siab qhov kev pom kev pom zoo rau ntau dua kev ua haujlwm ua ke
Nyob rau hauv thawj zaug thiab ob lub sij hawm ntawm tsim kom loj hlob, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog sau dej tso tawmyog muaj qee yam muab rau hauv lub tshuab tsim ua haujlwm. Yog tias lawv tsis nyob ntawd, ces koj yuav tsum rov qab ntim cov khoom ntim koj tus kheej.
Thaum thawj zaug thiab zaum thib ob, nco ntsoov tias muaj dej txhua zaus hauv cov tais, ua rau nws tsis tu ncua.
Nyob rau theem thib ob nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov av qis hauv kev tsim kom zoo. Qhov ntsuas yuav tsum tsis txhob poob qis tshaj 60-70%. Cov qe muaj ntsis zoo ib hnub los yog ob zaug ib hnub. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau thaum lub sijhawm tom ntej.
Nws yeej ua tsis tau:
- tsuag kom dej ntws.
- sprinkling yuav luag tam sim tom qab qhib lub hau rau kub qe, qhov no yuav yog ib tug poob siab rau lub embryo. Peb yuav tsum tos kom txog thaum lub qe txias me ntsis. Lub caij nyoog yuav xa raws li cov cua txias.
- kaw lub hau sai sai tom qab txau, kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsim tau condensate, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua nyob rau hauv ib feeb thiab ib nrab, tom qab ib lub teeb taws.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm khawm kom ntseeg tau tias tus kab tsim muaj qhov av qis, li 90%. Lub xub ntiag ntawm qhib ntim nrog dej thaum hatching yuav ua rau kev tuag ntawm chicks. Tawm los ntawm qhov no, nco ntsoov tias quails tsis tau nkag rau hauv lawv.
