Lo lus Latin hauv Ribes nigrum yog txhais ua lus Hmoob raws li "dub currant".
Lub berries ntawm no nroj tsuag yog heev pab tau vim lub loj xov tooj ntawm pab kab kawm uas yog ib feem ntawm lub pulp thiab rind ntawm cov dub "pearls".
Vitamins C, B, P, citric acid, qabzib. Qhov no tsis yog tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov keeb kwm tseem ceeb uas muaj nyob rau hauv dub currants.
Ntxiv nrog rau lawv cov zaubmov thiab vitamin zoo, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav qab zib, txo qhov yuav ua rau mob cancer thiab Alzheimer's, thiab ntxiv rau kev pom kev zoo.
Yuav ua li cas yog cov zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam ntawm dub currant? Ib qho lus teb rau lo lus nug no tuaj yeem pom hauv cov lus qhia hauv qab no.
Muaj ntau tshaj 200 ntau yam ntawm dub currant, thiab saj ntawm berries ntawm tag nrho cov ntau yam sib txawv. Txawm nyob rau hauv feem ntau fastidious Gourmet muaj xws li ntau yam dub currant, uas yuav cia amaze nrog nws saj.
Qib "Kev Cia Siab"
Nruab nrab thaum ntxov currants tau los ntawm ntau yam "Oryol Jubilee" thiab "Primorsky Giant". Tus sau phau ntawv yog TP. Ogoltsova thiab L.V. Bayanova, uas yog cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cov qoob loo
Thawj zaug sau yuav muaj nyob rau hauv lig rau hli ntuj - Lub Xya hli ntuj thaum ntxov. Cov nroj tsuag loj, loj, ceg ntoo sib zog nrawm nrawm rau ib leeg.
Tua loj hlob ncaj, thickened, matt ntsuab, pubescent. Buds yog loj, qe-puab, blunt on to top, daj ntseg liab nyob rau hauv cov xim, yog tsim parallel mus rau lub axis ntawm tua.
Cov nplooj ntoos ntawm no currant muaj 5 nplooj, cov nplooj lawv tus kheej yog cov loj, lub teeb ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim, nrog sib sib zog nqus depressions. Cov hniav yog ntse ntawm qhov xaus, nruab nrab ib qho yog loj tshaj txhua tus neeg thiab loj hlob zoo li tus qauv ntawm daim duab peb sab.
Lub paj yog loj, me ntsis zoo li tus zoo li ib tswb. Txhuam me me (txog li 7 cm ntawm qhov ntev), txaus ntom, drooping.
Lub berries yog heev loj (txog 4.2 g nyob rau hauv qhov ceeb thawj), puag ncig, dub, nrog ib tug me me ntawm noob. Saj currant "Cia Siab" siab, acid thiab qab zib nyob rau hauv lub tshuav.
Qhov no currant yog resistant mus rau Frost, tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm feem ntau cov kab mob thiab cov pests (powdery mildew, anthracnose, septoria, raum mite). Qhov no muaj peev xwm yuav ntaus nqi rau tus kheej-fertile (61%). Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau tua tsis manually, tab sis mechanically, thiab sau yuav tsis deteriorate. Yields nruab nrab - 1.5 kg ib Bush.
Dub currant "Vam tias" koj yuav tsum xaiv thiab drip zoo li tag nrho lwm yam ntau yam. Thaum xaiv seedlings, tshwj xeeb mloog yuav tsum tau them rau lub keeb kwm, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob tau qhuav los yog puas.
Nws tseem yog qhov tsim nyog los tshawb xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm kev khiav dim. Nws yuav tsum nrhiav kev noj qab haus huv, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab ua siab ntev tiv txhua yam me me. Dripping seedlings yuav tsum tau pits 50h50h50 pom
Kev kho ntawm cov bushes yog dog dig thiab tsis muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws uas yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nrog lwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo Berry. Muaj ntau watering, cultivation thiab mulching ntawm cov av, pruning "phem" tua yog cov qauv txheem tiag tiag.
Nws kuj tsis ua rau muaj kev coj ua kev kho mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab.
Qib "Selechenskaya - 2"
Thaum ntxov ntau ntawm dub currant. Nws tau launched nyob rau hauv lub koom haum ntawm Lupine A.I. Astakhov thiab L.I. Zueva, leej twg hla daim ntawv 42-7 thiab 4-1-116.
Fruiting pib nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj. Nroj tsuag yog ntseg, vigorous. Cov nplooj yog peb-lobed, medium nyob rau hauv loj, tsaus ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim, nrog me wrinkles.
Txhua tus hniav yog ntev txaus nrog ib tug ntse kawg. Lub paj zoo nkauj heev, liab-liab doog xim.
Los ntawm 8 mus rau 14 paj yog tsim nyob rau hauv txhua txhuam, tus txhuam nws tus kheej yog me ntsis curved, tsis pubescence. Cov berries yog loj (5.5 - 6.5 g), puag ncig, dub, nrog ib tug glossy ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Saj yog ntsuas los ntawm cov tau siab tshaj plaws., sib haum xeeb heev.
Qhov sib cais los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhuav. Lub hom phiaj yog universal. Tsim tau yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb siv technology, tus naj npawb ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo sau los ntawm ib Bush - 1.7-2.8 kg.
Shrubs ntawm no ntau yam sai sai noj paus thiab hloov mus rau peculiarities ntawm cheeb tsam lub huab cua lub caij. Muaj kev tiv thaiv rau feem ntau currant kab mob.
Lub ntsiab ntawm kom tau ib tug zoo sau thiab ciaj sia taus ntawm bushes yog qhov zoo ntawm seedlings. Lawv yuav tsum zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv tsos, noj qab nyob zoo, tsis tawg nyob rau hauv muaj zog tsis muaj zog thiab muaj keeb kwm zoo.
Hauv paus system yuav tsum muaj 2 - 3 ceg, uas ua ntej cog yuav tsum tau txiav mus rau 7 cm nyob rau hauv ntev. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau txo cov saum ntawm tua kom tsis muaj ntau tshaj 5 - 6 qis dua tshiab. Tus qauv tsaws yog qhov qub.
Vim lub high adaptability rau cov huab cua tsis ruaj tsis khov, lub bushes ntawm no ntau yam yuav muaj peev xwm ntawm withstand tsis tsuas drought, tab sis kuj overmoistening ntawm cov av. Tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua dej ntau thiab tsawg, yog li dej tshuav nyob hauv av.
Mulch yuav tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov nroj, thiab loosening cov av yuav ua rau kom nkag tau ntawm oxygen mus rau cov hauv paus hniav.
Ntau yam "Exotica"
Thaum ntxov ntau yam, txiv hmab txiv ntoo pib thaum ntxov Lub Xya hli ntuj. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm breeders TP Ogoltsova, Z.S. Zotovoy, S.D. Knyazev thiab L.V. Womanova los ntawm Tagnrho-Lavxias Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Cog Qoob Loo thiab Sib Tw Horticultural Research Institute.
Nroj tsuag yog ntseg, tsis heev tuab, tab sis vigorous. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua ntawm lub teeb ntsuab xim, tsis pubescence, nrog ib tug txaus loj lub cheeb. Buds yog loj, liab, asymmetric qe-puab nrog ib tug blunt ntxeev.
Cov nplooj yog tsib-lobed, heev loj, nrog ib tug ntxhib thiab curved saum npoo, ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim nrog ib tug me ntsis glossy sheen. Qhov nruab nrab lobe ntawm ib lub duab voos, qhov loj tshaj plaws, nrog taw tag.
Tus so ntawm cov txheej txheem yog nrog ib tug ntsis taub, me me nyob rau hauv ntev. Cov paj yog loj, me ntsis xim. Medium txhuam, dai, tsim 8 - 10 berries hauv ib txhuam.
Cov berries yog loj (txog li 6.5 g), puag ncig, dub nyob rau hauv cov xim, glistening nyob rau hauv lub hnub, nrog ib tug nyias daim tawv nqaij. Cov nqaij yog qab zib thiab qaub, heev aromatic, muaj ib tug refreshing siv.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov berries nyob rau hauv hoob no yog universal. Nruab nrab yields - 1 kg los ntawm ib tug Bush. Cov thooj nyaj yog 55% ntawm tus kheej, kev tiv thaiv kom tsis sov, tsis muaj cuam tshuam los ntawm powdery mildew thiab columnar xeb.
Nroj tsuag muaj tsis kam mus rau anthracnose, septoria thiab bud mite. Cov berries ntawm currant "Exotica" yuav tsis qaub los ntawm mechanical txoj kev ntawm harvesting.
Tus qauv tsaws yog qhov qub. Kev yuav tsum tau rau seedlings kuj tseem dog dig. Tam sim ntawd tom qab cog, txhua seedling yuav tsum tau poured abundantly.
Watering, mulching thiab loosening cov av yog devoid of nta. Paub tseeb txheej txheem bushes los ntawm anthracnose thiab septoriathiab tseem yuav lem cov tsos mob ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm ib lub raum.
Nws tseem yog nthuav los nyeem txog kev cog thiab tu cov liab currants.
Qeb "Dobrynya"
Nruab nrab lig ntau yam, txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen los ntawm ob xyoo caum ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj. Tau bred thaum hla ntau yam "Raisin" thiab cov ntaub ntawv 42-7 A.I. Astakhov nyob rau hauv lub koom haum ntawm Lupine.
Nroj tsuag yog heev compact, raws li lawv yog sredneroslye. Cov ceg ntoo yog nruab nrab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, tsis curved, ntsuab-liab doog nyob rau hauv cov xim, yuav luag tsis ci, nrog ib tug me ntsis pubescence.
Cov nplooj yog tsim los ntawm 3 hniav, qhov loj ntawm nplooj ntoos phaj yuav ua tau rau ob qho tib si medium thiab loj. Cov nplooj lawv tus kheej yog ntsuab, nrog wrinkles.
Lub paj yog loj, lub teeb daj. Txhuam yog tuab, ntswj me ntsis, ntawm xim ntsuab, nyob rau hauv txhua 6 - 10 paj yog tsim. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog loj (5.5 - 6.5 g), elliptical, dub, nrog ib tug ci thiab tawv nqaij.
Lub berries yog heev fragrant, nrog Sweet thiab qaub sau ntawv. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm 1 nroj tsuag on nruab nrab yog 1.5 - 2.5 kg.
Currant bushes "Dobrynya" calmly tso me me hloov mus rau hauv qhov kub, nrog rau luv luv drought. Tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm powdery mildewtab sis tej zaum yuav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lwm cov kab mob fungal, zoo li ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub raum.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas fab rau cog yuav tsum zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv tsos thiab ua raws li cov kev cai raug. Tuav lawv hauv txoj kev niaj zaus. Kev saib xyuas ntawm seedlings yog tseem dog dig.
Tu cev. Nws yog tsim nyog rau kev ua bushes tawm tsam fungus thiab ntau yam pests 3 lub sij hawm rau ib lub caij, pub kom nws yog tsis zoo li mus rau tag nrho kho cov nroj tsuag tom qab.
Tsi "Leningrad loj heev"
Nruab nrab-thaum ntxov ntau los ntawm E.N. Glebova thiab A.I. Potashova nyob rau hauv lub xeev St. Petersburg State University Agrarian, thiab yog ntawm tus pollination ntawm Stakhanovka Altai currant nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm pollen los ntawm lub tso rau neeg pom thiab tsis-crumbling paj ntoos.
Cov nroj tsuag muaj siab, upright, thiab lawv ceev ceev nce thaum lub sij hawm fruiting. Cov ceg ntoo yog cov tuab tuab, ncaj, nrog pubescence, ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim, lub tswv yim ntawm tua raug coloured.
On cov neeg laus bushes, paj buds yog grouped, uas yog, 6 mus rau 8 pieces yog tsim ua ke. Xws li me me "twigs" yog yam ntxwv ntawm ze li ob peb currant ntau yam, nrog rau Leningrad loj heev.
Buds luv luv, tab sis tuab, qe-puab, liab-magenta ci xim, tso tseg los ntawm tua. Cov nplooj yog loj, nrog tsib lobes, lub teeb ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim thiab ib tug matte saum npoo.
Qhov nruab nrab lobe yog qhov ntev, dav heev, nrog ib qho ntxais ntawm qhov taub. Cov paj loj, cov nplaim pleev xim rau hauv daj liab daj. Cov txhuam yog txawv, muaj ob qho luv luv thiab ntev, 6 - 13 txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsim hauv ib txhuam.
Cov berries yog medium (1.2 - 2.2 g), puag ncig, dub nyob rau hauv cov xim, nrog ci thiab nyias daim tawv nqaij.
Txawm hais tias qhuav so, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsis crumble. Lub saj ntawm pulp yog zoo heev, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no currant muaj ib tug yam ntxwv ntxiag tsis hnov tsw.
Siab tawm los (3 - 4.5 kg ntawm ib tsob nroj), tus kheej-pollination yog ntau tshaj 50%. Berries yuav sau tau mechanically. Kuj qib resistant mus rau kub tee, tab sis cov ceg yuav ua txhaum nyob rau hauv muaj zog gusts ntawm cua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm fruiting lub sij hawm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, "Leningrad Giant" tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb rau cov kab mob fungal thiab kab.
Seedlings yuav tsum noj qab nyob zoo saib, yuav tsum tsis txhob tawg thaum lub sij hawm tshuaj ntsuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tsis muaj cov cim qhia ntawm fungus los yog kev puas tsuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Tus qauv tsaws yog qhov qub.
Kev saib xyuas yog ib txwm ua. Thaum npaj lub txaj rau lub caij ntuj no, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau tiv thaiv lub bushes los ntawm Frost, raws li ib txhia ntawm lawv yuav tsis muaj peev xwm rov qab los ntawm lub caij ntuj no txias cua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho mob kev kho mob tawm tsam fungal kab mob thiab parasites, uas yuav ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub hav zoov, thiab, li, mus rau yav tom ntej sau.
Ntau "Hnub Kawg"
Nruab nrab currant bushes uas dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - thib peb xyoo caum ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj.
Cwj pwm los ntawm siab yields, tus kheej fertility, zoo tiv thaiv rau fungal kab mob thiab parasites, thiab raws li muaj peev xwm zam rau ib tug tsis muaj noo noo.
Qhov no ntau yam yog tsim rau technical sau. Lub bushes ntawm no currant yog high, medium-sprouting. Tua yog ntev thiab tuab, khoov zoo.
Txhuam qhov ntev ntev, haum ntom.
Ntau ntau "Jubilee Kopania" tau raug coj los ua xyoo 1983 thaum hla ntau yam "Xov xwm Prykarpatsya" thiab daim ntawv hu ua hybrid C-106. Lub xeem "niam txiv" ua rau muaj ntau yam kev tsis sib raug zoo rau txhua tus kab mob paub thiab cov cab.
Tus sau phau ntawv yog K.N. Kopan thiab V.P. Kopan. Cov berries yog loj, ncav 4-4.5 g nyob rau hauv qhov ceeb thawj, oval-spherical, dub, nrog glossy thiab ruaj tawv ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Qhov sib cais los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhuav. Cov nqaij ntawm berries yog Sweet thiab qaub, ntsuab-xim av, nrog ib tug yuav luag elusive qab. Berries ripen yuav luag ib txhij, tsim rau siv tshiab los yog rau ntau yam ntawm kev ua.
Seedlings yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov kev cai lij choj. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog tias lawv noj qab nyob zoo. Yuav kom cov tub ntxhais hluas hluas tuaj yeem raug ciaj sia nyob rau hauv ib qho tsis dhau kev nyab xeeb, sai sai tom qab cog, lawv yuav tsum them rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv.
Tus qauv tsaws yog qhov qub. Nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm txhua txhua Bush yuav tsum tau dej thiab mulchkom lawv txhua tus xav tias xis. Ua ntej cog nws yog advisable mus poob lub keeb kwm nyob rau hauv av nplaum mash.
Kev kho mob yog ib qho dog dig, uas yog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau dej thiab mulch cov av. Cov nroj tsuag tsis tas yuav tsum tau kev kho mob, tab sis rau cov hom phiaj tiv thaiv, koj tuaj yeem tsuag tshuaj yeem nrog npaj ua ntej ob peb zaug.
Koj tseem yuav tau tshem qhov tawg lossis puas ntawm qhov tua kom lawv tsis txhob siv cov "tseem ceeb heev" los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ib feem ntawm lub hav txwv yeem.
Tam sim no koj yuav pom tau hais tias muaj tiag tsis muaj dab tsi hnyav nyob rau hauv loj hlob dub currants. Yog hais tias koj twb cog cucumbers los yog txiv lws suav, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm koj tau ua tiav lub seedling theem, ces koj yuav yeej tiv nrog dub currant bushes.
