Tus neeg twg uas cog cov zaub los yog kev cog paj rau ntawm nws lub ntsiab lus nkag siab tias nws yog qhov nyuaj heev kom cog qoob loo ntau yam tsis muaj nitrogen chiv.
Nitrogen - Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev noj haus rau txhua cov qoob loo, tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm seedlings nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, zoo li rau nce lush hardwood.
Nrog ib tug tsis muaj nitrogen, nroj tsuag muaj qaug zog, pib maj mam thiab feem ntau muaj mob. Kev siv nitrogen-muaj chiv yog qhov yooj yim, ceev tshaj plaws thiab txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los ua kom tsis txaus ntawm qhov no. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav xav txog dab tsi nitrogen chiv yog, dab tsi yog lawv sib txawv, zoo li lub ntsiab zoo thiab disadvantages ntawm lawv cov kev siv.
Kev siv cov nitrogen chiv hauv kev ua liaj ua teb
Raws li kev cais tawm nitrate nitrogen chiv (nitrate), ammonium thiab amide (urea). Tag nrho lawv muaj cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov nta ntawm kev siv ntawm cov xau av sib txawv.
Ib qho ntawm cov neeg ntawm xws chiv yog nitrate (ntsev ntawm nitric acid), uas yuav ua tau sodium, calcium thiab ammonium. Ammonium nitrate muaj ib nrab ntawm nitrogen hauv nitrate, ib nrab ntawm cov ammonium daim ntawv thiab yog ib qho kev chiv universal.
Lub ntsiab "competitor" ntawm ammonium nitrate yog urea, uas muaj yuav luag ob zaug ntau nitrogen. Ua ntej koj muab rau ib tug los yog lwm nitrogen fertilizer, sim kom paub tseeb uas yog zoo dua - urea los yog ammonium nitrate.
Yuav ua li cas siv ammonium nitrate
Ammonium nitrate, los yog ammonium nitrate - pob zeb hauv av fertilizer nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm dawb dawb pob zeb los yog tsw ntxhiab.
Cov ntsiab lus nitrogen nyob ntawm seb hom chiv thiab kab rau li ntawm 26% mus rau 35%.
Raws li thaj tsam huab cua thiab av, ntau hom ammonium nitrate siv.
- Yooj yim zog. Qhov feem ntau cov chiv quav uas muab khoom noj khoom haus rau cov nroj tsuag thiab siv rau tag nrho cov nroj tsuag uas cog hauv nruab nrab latitudes.
- Kos "B". Nws yog siv rau fertilizing seedlings thiab paj thaum zus sab hauv lub caij ntuj no.
- Ammonium potassium nitrate. Nws yog siv los pub vaj ntoo thiab shrubs nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, zoo li thaum cog seedlings nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av.
- Magnesium nitrate. Nws yog siv rau nitrogen fertilizing zaub thiab legumes. Txhawb nqa qhov kev loj hlob ntawm ntom deciduous loj thiab activates tus txheej txheem ntawm photosynthesis. Vim yog muaj magnesium, qhov no chiv yog zoo haum rau lub teeb loamy thiab xuab zeb xau.
- Calcium ammonium nitrate. Fertilizer nrog ib tug nyuaj siv, zoo cuam tshuam cov nroj tsuag, tsis cuam tshuam rau av acidity, muaj txog li 27% nitrogen, 4% calcium, 2% magnesium.
- Calcium nitrate. Zoo tshaj plaws rau turf av zoo.
Siv tag nrho cov gardeners paub dab tsi ammonium nitrate yog raws li ib tug fertilizer thiab dab tsi yog cov cai rau nws siv ceev xwm thiaj li kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis zoo rau ib tug neeg. Daim ntawv thov kev siv txhua hom kev chiv tau sau rau hauv cov lus qhia ntawm nws cov ntawv ntim, lawv tsis muaj peev xwm tshaj li nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub.
Ammonium nitrate yog nkag tau rau hauv av thaum lub sij hawm kev khawb ntawm lub vaj teb nyob rau hauv kev npaj rau cog. Thaum cog seedlings nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av, nws yuav siv tau raws li ib tug to top hnav khaub ncaws. Yog hais tias cov av tsis heev fertile thiab dhau exhausted, lub koob tshuaj pom zoo ntawm sodpeter yog 50 g ib 1 square meter. m. On ib tug zoo, fertile av - txog 20-30 g ib 1 square. m
Thaum cog seedlings nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av raws li ib tug to top hnav khaub ncaws txaus 1 tbsp. spoons rau txhua seedling. Loj hlob hauv paus qoob loo, ua ntxiv pub 3 lub lis piam tom qab germination. Ua li no, 1 lub sij hawm rau ib lub caij twg, qhov ntiav ntiav tau ua nyob rau hauv txoj kab, qhov twg ammonium nitrate yog siv rau li ntawm 6-8 g ib 1 square metre. Meter ntawm av.
Zaub (txiv lws suav, cucumbers, thiab lwm yam) muaj peev xwm pub tau thaum cog los yog ib lub lim tiam tom qab kev sib hloov. Tsaug rau kev siv ntawm ammonium nitrate raws li ib tug fertilizer, cov nroj tsuag loj hlob muaj zog thiab nce lub foliar loj. Cov nram qab no hnav khaub ncaws ntawm xws li chiv yog nqa tawm txog ib lub lim tiam ua ntej flowering.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nitrogen chiv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Kev siv ntawm urea nyob rau hauv vaj ua hauj lwm
Urea, los yog carbamide - fertilizer nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm crystalline granules nrog ib tug high nitrogen cov ntsiab lus (46%). Qhov no yog hnav khaub ncaws zoo heev, nrog nws tus kheej zoo thiab kev nyiam.
Lub ntsiab sib txawv ntawm urea thiab ammonium nitrate yog tias urea muaj ob zaug ntau nitrogen.
Cov zaub mov muaj zog ntawm 1 kg ntawm urea yog vaj huam sib luag rau 3 kg ntawm nitrate. Nitrogen nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm urea, yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv dej, thaum lub nutrients tsis mus rau hauv qab txheej ntawm av.
Urea raug nquahu kom siv los ua foliar rau noj, vim hais tias thaum noj tshuaj, nws maj mam ua thiab tsis hlawv cov nplooj. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov no fertilizer yuav siv tau thaum lub sij hawm cog qoob los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws yog haum rau txhua hom thiab cov nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv thov.
- Lub ntsiab pub (ua ntej sowing). Urea muaju yuav tsum tau sib xyaw kom haum 4-5 cm rau hauv av, li ammonia evaporates sab nraum zoov. On irrigated av, fertilizer yog thov ua ntej dej. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub koob tshuaj ntawm urea ib 100 square metres. m yuav tsum yog los ntawm 1.3 mus rau 2 kg.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Urea yuav tsum tau mus thov rau cov av 10-15 hnub ua ntej sowing, yog li hais tias qhov teeb meem quav tshuaj biuret, uas yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm granulation ntawm urea, muaj lub sij hawm rau dissolve. Nrog ib theem siab ntawm biuret (ntau tshaj 3%), cov nroj tsuag yuav tuag.
- Sij pleev khaub ncaws (thaum lub sij hawm sowing). Nws yog pom zoo kom siv nrog potash chiv nyob rau hauv thiaj li muab ib tug thiaj li hu txheej ntawm chiv thiab noob. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub teeb tis ntawm poov tshuaj fertilizers nrog urea pab tshem tawm cov tsis zoo los ntawm cov tshuaj hu ua urea muaj vim muaj biuret. Qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm urea thaum pub on 10 square metres. m yuav tsum yog 35-65 g.
- Foliar saum khaub ncaws. Nws yog nqa los ntawm tshuaj tsuag thaum sawv ntxov los yog yav tsaus ntuj. Ib tug daws ntawm urea (5%) tsis hlawv lub nplooj, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau ammonium nitrate. Dos rau foliar pub rau ib 100 square metres. m - 50-100 g ntawm urea ib 10 liv dej.
Urea raug nquahu kom siv rau ntau yam xau rau chiv paj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub thiab qoob loo.
Koj puas paub? Urea tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam kab tsuag ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Thaum cov huab cua kub tsis nyob hauv qab +5 °C, tab sis lub buds on cov ntoo tsis tau tsis tiav, lub crown yog sprayed nrog ib tug daws ntawm urea (50-70 g ib 1 liter dej). Qhov no yuav pab tshem tawm cov kab tsuag uas hibernate rau hauv cov nroj tsuag. Tsis txhob muaj ntau tshaj qhov tshuaj ntawm urea thaum txau, nws muaj peev xwm hlawv nplooj.
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv ntawm urea thiab ammonium nitrate, thiab dab tsi yog qhov zoo dua
Ammonium nitrate thiab urea yog ob qho tib si nitrogen chiv, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Ua ntej, lawv muaj feem pua sib txawv ntawm nitrogen hauv cov khoom xyaw: 46% nitrogen hauv urea tiv thaiv kab mob siab tshaj 35% ntawm qhov ntswg.
Urea muaj peev xwm thov tsis tsuas yog raws li ib tug radical pub mis, tab sis kuj thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob rau lub caij ntawm nroj tsuag, thaum ammonium nitrate yog siv rau cov av.
Urea, tsis zoo li ammonium nitrate, yog ib tug ntau gentle fertilizer. Tab sis qhov sib txawv loj yog qhov ntawd ntsev hauv txoj ntsiab cai - nws yog ib qho mineral compoundthiab urea - organic.
Nrog kev pab los ntawm hauv paus system, lub nroj tsuag yuav tsuas yog nyob rau hauv pob zeb hauv av sib txuas, thiab los ntawm nplooj ob qho tib si pob zeb thiab organic, tab sis tsawg dua organic. Urea yuav tsum mus ntev ntev dua ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, tab sis nws khaws nws txoj kev noj haus zoo dua.
Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsis yog txhua qhov sib txawv ntawm urea thiab ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate cuam tshuam lub acidity ntawm cov av, tsis zoo li urea. Yog li ntawd, rau siv on acidic xau, raws li zoo raws li rau cov nroj tsuag thiab cov paj uas tsis zam ib qho nce hauv acidity, urea yog ntau zoo dua.
Vim cov ntsiab lus ntawm ob hom ntawm nitrogen nyob rau hauv ammonium nitrate - ammonia thiab nitrate, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm pub mis on txawv xau nce. Ammonium nitrate yog ntau heev thiab yuav tsum muaj kev tshwj xeeb ntawm kev cia khoom thiab kev thauj mus los. Urea yog qhov uas tsuas yog ua kom sov tshaj.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv ammonium nitrate nyob hauv lub tebchaws
Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm ammonium nitrate yog cov nram qab no.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev khwv nyiaj txiag, saltpeter yog xav paub ntau tshaj muaj txiaj ntsim rau ib lub vaj zaub, nws yog qhov pheej yig tshaj chiv, thiab nws tau yog 1 kg ib 100 square metres. meters Ammonium nitrate tuaj yeem siv tau los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav rau lub caij nplooj zeeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj ib qho tseem ceeb feature - nws granules hlawv cov snow, uas tso cai rau sowing fertilizer tshaj lub snow tsis muaj kev ntshai ntawm dej khov crust los yog tuab npog npog.
Lwm qhov zoo ntawm lub cev muaj zog - muaj peev xwm ua rau hauv av txias. Grapes, shrubs, perennial zaub thiab ntoo yog fertilized nrog ammonium nitrate txawm tshaj frozen av, them nrog ib tug rake. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, cov av, tab sis "tsaug zog", tab tom twb pom nitrogen tshaib plab. Organic chiv nrog cov khov nab kuab tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv, raws li lawv pib ua yeeb yam thaum cov av ua kom sov txaus. Tab sis nitrate ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob.
Txawm tias muaj ntau yam thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm ammonium nitrate, qhov no fertilizer muaj tsis zoo sab, piv txwv li, nws contraindicated rau acid xau. Nqaij ntsev yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo muab tso ntawm kab nyob rau hauv thiaj li tso tawm ammonia yuav tsis ua puas lub noob ntoo.
Tsis ntev los no, nws tau yooj yim mus yuav ammonium nitrate, vim nws muaj zog tawg. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb ntawm gardeners uas yuav cov fertilizer nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau - ntau tshaj 100 kg. Qhov tseeb no, thiab kev nyuaj rau kev thauj mus los thiab cia khoom ua rau cov ntsev tsis yooj yim dua thiab muaj teeb meem ntxiv rau tus tu vajtse.
Pros thiab cons ntawm kev siv ntawm urea
Xav txog tam sim no tag nrho cov pros thiab cons ntawm urea. Ntawm qhov zoo nws yog ib qhov ua tau mus rau ntsiab qhov tseeb tias urea nitrogen yog heev yooj yim thiab sai sai absorbed by kab lis kev cai. Tom ntej no yog qhov peev xwm los nqa tawm ib qho khoom noj zoo noj, Qhov no yog qhov tsuas fertilizer uas tsis ua rau cov nroj tsuag burns.
Urea zoo heev rau tag nrho cov av, tsis hais seb lawv yog acidic los yog lub teeb, uas tsis tuaj yeem hais ntawm ammonium nitrate. Urea ua rau pom kev zoo ntawm cov xau av. Qhov yooj yim txaus ntseeg yog hais tias urea muaj peev xwm ua tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev: foliar thiab basal thiab ntawm ntau lub sij hawm.
Cov kev tsis zoo ntawm carbamide suav nrog qhov tseeb tias nws xav tau sij hawm ntau los pib qhov kev ua. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws tsis haum rau kev tshem tawm sai ntawm cov cim qhia ntawm nitrogen deficiency nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag.
Kuj, carbamide tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg mob cia (ntshai ntawm ya raws). Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog cov teeb meem ntawm cia ntawm ammonium nitrate, urea coj tsawg teeb meem.
Yog hais tias lub noob tuaj nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ib tug high concentration, muaj ib qho kev pheej hmoo ntawm ib tug txo nyob rau hauv seedling germination. Tab sis nws tag nrho cov nyob ntawm hauv paus system ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nrog ib tug tsim rhizome, qhov raug mob yog tsis tseem ceeb, thiab nyob rau hauv muaj tsuas yog ib paus qia, zoo li hais tias ntawm ib beet, lub nroj tsuag tuag tag. Urea tsis ua hauj lwm rau khov, txias av, yog li ntawd nws tsis zoo rau thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav fertilizing.
Yog li, tom qab txheeb xyuas qhov zoo thiab kev xav, xaiv dab tsi yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau pub nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav - ammonium nitrate los yog urea, yuav tsum tau raws li lub hom phiaj. Nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm seb lub hom phiaj uas koj tab tom nrhiav thaum npaj los siv cov chiv: kom ceev cov kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov tawv ntoo loj los yog los txhim kho kom zoo thiab qhov loj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Rau qhov ceev yuam ntawm plantings rau kev loj hlob, nws yog ib qhov zoo dua los siv ammonium nitrate, thiab los txhim kho qhov zoo thiab qhov loj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo - urea.
