Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog yam tsawg kawg ib lub vaj nyob qhov twg cov ntoo kua tsis loj hlob. Yog tias koj tsuas xav ua vaj teb thiab tab tom nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsis tshua muaj paj ntoo, ces peb qhia koj xav txog qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev cog cov ntoo, "Glory to the Victors." Qhov no ntau yam yog fond ntawm cog pib xyaum ua gardeners. Vim li cas Nyeem hauv qab no txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ua liaj ua teb "Glory to the Victors", piav qhia txog ntau yam, nrog rau nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Kua ntoo "Glory to the Victors": kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam
Apples "Glory to the Victors" poob mus rau ob pawg: lub caij ntuj sov los sis lub caij ntuj sov lig ntau yam, qhov no yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo. Cov kua ntoo hauv qab no yog siab heev, nws cov yas yog qhov dav-pyramidal nrog kev muaj peev xwm rov qab.
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog lub subtleties ntawm loj hlob ntawm lwm yam ntau yam ntawm apples: Rozhdestvenskoe, Ural Bulk, Krasa Sverdlovsk, Orlinka, Orlovim, Zvezdochka, Kandil Orlovsky, Ekranennaya, Antey, Antonovka , "Uralets", "Pepin saffron", "Thawj Tswj Hwm", "Champion", "Bashkir Beauty", "Berkutovskoe".
Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo, lub ntsiab ceg loj hlob ncaj, nyob rau ntawm ib tug ntse lub, qhov xaus yog qhia upwards. Nyob rau hauv ntau paub tab txiv hmab txiv ntoo cov qoob loo, lawv diverge rau sab, tsim wheelworms thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo twigs. Tus neeg laus cov nroj tsuag ncav ib qhov siab ntawm 2.5-3.5 m.
Cov nplooj ntawm cov ceg ntoo no yog lub teeb ntsuab nrog lub tis yellowish tinge, sib npaug hauv cov duab thiab tus. Zoo nkauj heev tsob ntoo zoo nyob rau hauv lub flowering lub sij hawm. Blooming paj yog richly liab nyob rau hauv cov xim, thiab lub buds yog xim liab.
Koj puas paub? Kua "Lub hwjchim ci ntsa iab rau cov Neeg Mob" tshwm los ntawm kev sib tw ntau yam "Mac" thiab "Papirovka". Kev yug tsiaj xyoo - 1928. Breeders Lev Ro thiab Pavel Tsekhmistrenko coj nws mus rau hauv lub vaj ntawm lub Mlievsky vaj thiab lub vaj tsev ua kev sim rau lawv. L. Michurina (hnub no - L. P. Simirenko Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Pomology, Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Kev Ua Yeeb Yam (Ukraine).
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov txiv apples "Glory to the Winners" muaj xws li zoo nkauj thiab appetizing txaus nyiam cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nyob rau hauv no ntau yam lawv round, oblong-rounded nyob rau hauv cov duab, lawv pom weakly conic nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib feem, non-ribbed. Nyob rau hauv loj - loj thiab medium, qhov ceeb thawj ntawm ib qho kua ncav 125-180 g.
Mus saj - Sweet thiab qaub, medium-grained. Cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog daj ntseg ntsuab nrog ib qho khoom liab los yog tsaus liab blush. Cov nqaij yog lub teeb daj, creamy, daim tawv nqaij yog tus. Nws yog vim muaj xim, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kua txiv ntawm apples ntawm "Glory to Victors" ntau yam nyob rau hauv kev thov ntawm gardeners, ordinary neeg nyob rau hauv lub lag luam thiab nyob rau hauv supermarkets.
Tus sau ripens nyob rau hauv lig Lub yim hli ntuj - thaum ntxov Lub Cuaj Hli. Thaum xub thawj nws yog li niaj zaus, ces, nyob ntawm thaj tsam ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, qhov teeb meem yog teeb. Qhov sib txawv ntawm no yog ib qib siab thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom tsim tau: ib tsob ntoo muaj 7-8 xyoo tsim tawm ntawm 10-18 kg ntawm txiv apples, ib tug 13-14-xyoo-laus Kua ntoo - 40-75 kg.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txij li thaum lub hauv paus ntoo "Glory to the Victors" yog qhov uas tsis muaj tus kheej (vim yog kev tswj tus kheej, tsuas yog 4-8% ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tied), nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum cog cov ntoo uas nyob ze ze. Lwm yam ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo hauv paus, piv txwv li, Antonovka, Borovinka, Melba, Priam, Vadimovka, yuav pab nyob rau hauv pollination.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam
Xav txog cov neeg tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ntawm "Glory to the Winners". Nws qhov tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
- zoo tawm los;
- ruaj khov;
- high txhav kuj;
- nruab nrab kev tsis haum rau cov hmoov txhaws thiab kua txig;
- high quality thiab transportability, juiciness thiab attractiveness ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- ib tug zoo lub sij hawm ntawm ripening (thaum ntxov ntau yam twb tau otlodnosili, thiab Autumn - tsuas yog nyob rau theem ntawm maturation).
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam yuav suav tau:
- txom nyem drought siab;
- nquag thiab loj heev cov yas yas (uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntxiv thaum tawm hauv);
- qaug zog tuav ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo;
- luv luv txee lub neej ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo (3-4 lub hlis nyob rau hauv lub tub yees, 1-1.5 lub hlis nyob rau hauv lub cellar);
- kheej ntxiv lawm tshob.
Yuav ua li cas cog ib qho kua ntoo
Yuav kom ua tiav ib qho zoo sau los ntawm ib tsob ntoo kua hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kev xaiv qhov chaw cog tsob ntoo thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov av.
Qhov twg hauv paus tsob ntoo yuav loj hlob zoo dua, xaiv qhov chaw rau tsob ntoo
Kua ntoo - lub teeb ntooYog li, thaum xaiv ib qhov chaw rau nws qhov landing, qhov zoo tshaj yuav tsum tau ua ntej yuav raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.
Koj puas paub? Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib txawv nyob ntawm seb muaj li cas ntawm lub teeb ntog rau lawv. Yog li ntawd, txiv apples nrog me ntsis liab sab yog yug los ntawm cov kua ntoo, uas feem ntau nyob hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo. Rau cov ntoo uas loj hlob tuaj hauv qab lub hnub, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav ua kom dawb lias xim liab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum shading ib tsob ntoo, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom txo tau cov suab thaj ntawm cov txiv apples thiab ib txhia txo nyob rau hauv tawm los. "Glory to the Winners" kuj tsis nyiam cov dej teev. Yog li ntawd, yog tias hauv koj vaj teb muaj dej nyab, qhov no yuav tsum tau muab cog rau hauv cov av uas muaj kua los yog ua kom siab. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau xyuas seb cov dej hauv av, nws yuav tsum tsis pub siab tshaj 2-2.5 m.
Xaiv ntawm av rau Kua ntau "Glory rau cov yeej"
Rau cog apple loamy thiab Sandy xau nrog nruab nrab acidity (pH 5.6-6.0) yog haum. Yog hais tias koj npaj kom cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo no on sandy xau, ces qhov no yog ua tau nrog kom raws caij nyoog chiv.
Lub tswvyim ntawm cog Kua seedlings
Kua ntoo "Glory to the Winners" tau muab cog rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab tom qab xaiv qhov chaw uas cog tsob ntoo, koj yuav tsum tau mus rau qhov kev xaiv ntawm high-quality seedlings. Muaj ntau ntau cov kev cai rau lawv: lawv yuav tsum muaj lub hauv paus thiab nyob cag, ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, ib yam khoom, cov tawv ntoo zoo.
Desired qhov siab ntawm seedling yog 1.5 m. Nws yuav tsum muaj ob peb ceg. Nws yog zoo dua los xaiv ob xyoos-xyoos seedlings - tsob ntoo uas hlob los ntawm nws yuav pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua ntej. Los ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas cog rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, tag nrho cov nplooj raug muab tshem tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd 90% ntawm nplooj ntoo nyob rau hauv seedlings nrog ib tug liab rhizome.
Feem ntau cov seedlings yog muag nrog qhib keeb kwm los yog nyob rau hauv flowerpots. Ntawm no koj qhov kev xaiv yuav nyob ntawm seb koj tuaj yeem npaj yuav poob nws. Yog hais tias tsis sai, nws yog qhov zoo uas yuav xaiv qhov kev xaiv hauv lub lauj kaub.
Lub tshav tsaws yog npaj ua ntej - tsawg kawg yog xya hnub ua ntej. Zoo tsis: dav thiab ntev - 70 cm; tob - 1 m (nyob ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub hauv paus system). Sab sab qab teb koj tuaj yeem muab tso rau ib ceg txheem ntseeg rau cov me nyuam yaus.
Fertile av nrog cov organic chiv yog poured rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv, thiab tshauv los yog humus kuj yuav tov. Lub seedling yog maj mam txav mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub qhov, manually kis lub keeb kwm thiab them nrog av, ua Nco ntsoov tias lub keeb kwm tsis khoov thiab hauv paus caj dab protrudes 5-7 cm los ntawm hauv av.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum cog ib qho kua ntoo los ntawm ib lub taub ntim, nws tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua puas lub ntiaj teb chav. Yog li ntawd cov nroj tsuag yuav siv sij hawm sai sai nyob rau hauv qhib tua.
Av maj mam tamped. Ib qho cog tsob ntoo tshiab cog tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau ywg dej rau siv ib thoob dej. Koj muaj peev xwm siv mulching - straw, peat los yog humus. Yog hais tias muaj ntau cov ntoo cog, ces tus deb ntawm lub seedlings yuav tsum tsawg kawg 4 m, nruab nrab ntawm kab - 3 m.
Yuav tu li cas rau ib tsob ntoo kua
Ib tug hluas nroj tsuag txog li peb lub xyoos yuav tsum tau niaj zaus dej thiab kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv hauv paus cheeb tsam ntawm weeds. Cov laus thiab cov ntoo muaj zog kuj yuav tsum tau xoob lub av, fertilizing, pruning, kev tiv thaiv kev kho mob los ntawm pests thiab kab mob.
Watering
Txawm hais tias "Lub hwjchim ci ntsa iab rau cov Neeg Nyuaj Siab" yooj yim rau cov dej tsis ruaj khov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj av qhuav. Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo, lub kua ntoo yog watered 3-4 lub sij hawm 30-40 liv ib Feeb. Thaum lub sij hawm qhuav lub caij, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau ywg dej 5-6 zaug ib lub caij, siv 30-50 liters dej ib thooj twg. Nco ntsoov moisten cov av:
- thaum lub caij flowering;
- ua ntej tsim tawm ntawm ovaries;
- 15-20 hnub ua ntej tag nrho ripening.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm cov av
Tias tsob ntoo zoo hlob thiab txi txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yuav tsum tau kom tsis tu ncua fertilize. Thawj nitrogen chiv tau siv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-May ntawm thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej (3 kg ntawm ammonium nitrate / 1 weave; 5 kg ntawm ammonium sulfate / 1 weave).
Qhov thib ob hnav khaub ncaws yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub rau hli ntuj. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo lub sapling hlob sai heev, ces tom ntej no xyoo koj yuav tsum tau ua tsuas yog ib qho ntxiv pub mis - nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov May. Los tsim kho fertility, qhov qhia txog ntawm nitrogen yog minimized.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws nrog phosphorus thiab potassium ntsev yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv grooves nrog ib tug tob ntawm 40 cm ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw lub voj voog. Tsis tas li siv organic fertilizer nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm manure thiab compost.
Yuav kom tiv thaiv kab mob nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo, lub tsob ntoo kua yuav tsum tau sprayed. Kev kho nrog tshuaj yog nqa tawm sai sai tom qab tom qab flowering (koj yuav siv tau ib tug sib tov ntawm "Aktara" thiab "Horus"), thaum lub sij hawm lub caij pib ("Angio" thiab "Horus").
Kev tu rau cov av muaj nyob rau hauv periodically loosening lub cev pob txha (tas tom qab dej), tshem tawm weeds, khawb av hauv av ua ntej qhov pib ntawm Frost thiab mulching nrog humus, peat, compost.
Tuaj tsim
Cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo tsim lub yas yuav tsum muaj txhua xyoo. Nws pom tias cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo uas muaj lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj yog qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm ntau dua thiab ntau dua fruiting, ntau qhov siab tiv thaiv thiab ua taus haujlwm.
Txiav pruning pab kom tau ntau zoo tawm los. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog caij nplooj zeeg. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nqa tawm lub rejuvenating pruning ntawm qub ntoo cov ntoo.
Thawj hom kab nquag ua yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob xyoo ntawm tsob ntoo lub neej, ua ntej pib ntawm loj hlob rau lub caij. Ntawm no koj yuav tsum xyuam xim heev tsis txhob txiav cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-cov ceg ntoo.
Nco ntsoov tshem tawm cov ntsug tua ntawm seedling - qhov no yuav tsis cia ntoo kom loj hlob sai sai nyob rau hauv qhov siab thiab yuav tsim kev tsim ntawm sab tua. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, xyoo tas los txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ceg yog txiav mus rau 1/3. Cov ceg qis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg uas dag rau hauv av, yog raug rau qhov yuav tsum tau txiav. Tsis tas li yuav tsum tau nyias tawm hauv lub zes qe menyuam thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Luam ntawm Kua ntau "Glory to Victors"
Yuav kom rejuvenate ua kua ntoo los yog kom txuag tau ntau yam kev tuag, gardeners los ntawm lub sij hawm mus rau lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau mus rau kev lag luam rau tsob ntoo. Kua ntoo nthuav dav nyob rau hauv plaub txoj kev: noob, txiav, layering thiab ob lub qhov muag. Cia peb sim qhia qhov nyuaj thiab qhov teeb meem tsawg tshaj plaws, piav txog tus txheej txheem rau txhua tus hauv kev nthuav dav.
Noob
Tej zaum qhov ua haujlwm tshaj plaws thiab ua haujlwm yog qhov qauv ntawm txoj kev, vim hais tias cov noob yuav tsum raug xaiv los ntawm txhais tes - mus hloov cov paj txiv ntoo ntawm ib tsob ntoo mus rau lwm tus. Yog li ntawd, qhov no tus txheej txheem yog nqa tawm tsuas yog los ntawm breeders. Tshaj li, qhov no feem ntau yog siv tsis tau los ntawm thawj zaug.
Cuttings
Nws yog yooj yim dua mus propagate lub kua-ntoo cuttings, uas yog txaus ntseeg mus rau feem ntau gardeners. Harvesting txiav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj-Lub peb hlis ntuj, ua ntej pib kua txiv extraction, los yog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, tom qab cov nroj tsuag. Lawv raug txiav mus rau 18-20 cm Cov nroj tsuag yog tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw qis.
Tsis tas li ntxuav ntawm ntau nplooj. Thaum cog, lub cuttings tsis hnyav ncawv nrog nrog lub ntiaj teb - by 2-3 cm Plantings yog tsis tu ncua watered thiab mulched nrog humus. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, lawv yuav tsum loj hlob qib siab seedlings uas muaj peev xwm yuav transplanted mus rau ib qho chaw mus tas li.
Layering
Yuav kom tau lub hau yuav tsum muaj ib tsob ntoo me, uas pre-cog obliquely. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, cov ceg uas yuav kov los yog pw hauv av, raug kaw rau hauv pem teb los yog ntxiv rau hauv qhov tob. Tus tua, uas yuav tsum tau loj hlob los ntawm buds, yuav tsum tau spud ob peb zaug thaum lub sij hawm lub caij ntuj sov, ces seedlings nrog keeb kwm yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg. Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nram qab no, lawv raug txiav tawm thiab cog hauv av qhib hauv qhov chaw mus tas li.
Yuav kom tau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov neeg laus hauv cov ntoo, siv cov txujci huab cua. Txoj kev no tsis ua hauj lwm tsawg dua li lwm tus. Tsim, zoo-loj hlob ceg raug xaiv rau nws. Nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 10 cm los ntawm sab saum toj ntawm ceg, ib tug nplhaib bark ntawm 3 cm dav yog txiav tawm, los yog ntiav oblique incisions raug ua ib ncig ntawm tag nrho radius.
Qhov chaw no yog kho nrog ib lub tshuaj kom tsim kho hauv paus tsim, piv txwv li, "Kornevin". Tom qab ntawd qhwv nws nrog Moss thiab yas qhwv. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov yas lam fwj nrog cov av sib tov uas zoo rau ntawm kev tua. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, lub yub nrog cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum tau cog ntawm qhov chaw uas puas, uas yuav tsum tau muab sib cais los ntawm tsob ntoo ntoo thiab hloov mus ua ib qho chaw nkaum rau lub caij ntuj no.
Nrog rau qhov muag
Thaum yug me nyuam nrog ob lub qhov muag nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub hauv paus nrog rab riam, ib tug T-shaped incision yog ua. Cov npoo ntawm cov tawv ntoo tau tig mus rau ob sab kom txog thaum ntoo tawm tuaj. Ib feem ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm cov qe tau muab tso rau hauv qhov phais, qhov uas lub raum muaj ib feem ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab petiole 1.5 cm ntev nyob rau hauv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub raum yuav tsum nyob twj ywm qhib.
Txoj kev ua no zoo tshaj plaws. nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov los yog nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj nyob rau hauv qhuav windless huab cua. Ob lub lim tiam tom qab, xyuas seb qhov muag tau ntes tau dab tsi. Yog hais tias nws yog xim ntsuab thiab ntsuab, ces txoj kev ua tau zoo.
Kua ntoo "Glory to the Victors": npaj rau lub caij ntuj no
Txawm hais tias ib qho kua ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog mus rau lub caij ntuj no-resistant ntoo, lawv yuav tsum tseem yuav npaj rau lub caij ntuj no. Ua ntej, cov av yog mulched nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze-bar lub voj voog. Qhov no yuav ua tau nrog kev pab ntawm nees humus (5 cm txheej) los yog peat.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tawv ntoo ntoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hluas (txog li 5 xyoos), yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov nas tsuag thiab kab tsuag. Rau lub hom phiaj no, qoob loo, cov nets tshwj xeeb, cov ceg ntoo, thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv uas siv rau hauv cov dej thiab cov cua.
Yog tias koj tswj cog cov kua ntoo, "Glory to the Victors", tom qab tag nrho cov lus pom zoo rau kev cog thiab kev tu mob, nws yuav zoo siab rau koj ntau xyoo nrog nrog cov khoom siv dav dav, muaj kua txiv apples. Nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog haum tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tshiab, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm jam, compote, kua txiv, jam.
