Loj hlob txiv lws suav nyob rau hauv lub tsev cog paj, koj muaj peev xwm ua tiav ib qho nyuam qhuav pib ripening, zoo li txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag ntawm plantings los ntawm Frost thiab fungal kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, tab txawm loj hlob tuaj ib qho zaub hauv lub tsev cog khoom yuav tsum ntsuas kom tsim muaj ntau yam kev mob siab rau nws. Mulching txiv lws suav rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom - Qhov no yog ib qho kev siv qhov tsim nyog rau txoj kev ua kom tau ceev cov txheej txheem ntawm ripening cov qoob loo thiab nce nws ntau.
Tsis tas li ntawd, mulching tsis tsuas yog pab cov zaub, tab sis kuj facilitates lub cultivation thiab kev kho mob ntawm lawv. Yuav kom tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm qhov ntau thiab qhov zoo ntawm qoob loo, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum paub ib co nta ntawm mulching kom zoo. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav saib xyuas li cas koj yuav mulch txiv lws suav rau hauv ib lub tsev cog khoom thiaj li ua tau zoo yields.
Vim li cas mulch txiv lws suav
Ntawm chav kawm, txiv lws suav yuav loj hlob yam tsis muaj mulching, tsuas yog lo lus nug yog li cas tsim xws li cultivation yuav. Yog li, mulching yog ib lub hau ntawm cov av nto nrog cov khoom siv nroj tsuag ntawm cov organic los yog khoom neeg tsim keeb kwm thiaj li tswj cov txheej txheem ntawm cov av noo nrog oxygen thiab noo noo.
Yog li, txiv lws suav nyob rau hauv mulch yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ziab tawm rau saum txheej ntawm avnyob rau hauv uas ib tug superficial crust yog tsim uas cuam tshuam nrog huab cua ncig. Tab sis cov kev pab ntawm mulching tsis tsuas yog tias. Xav txog lub ntsiab Qhov zoo ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim no muaj kev cuam tshuam agrotechnical:
- ib txheej ntawm mulch, npog hauv av nyob rau hauv lub txiv lws suav, tsis tso cai ncaj qha tshav ntuj, tiv thaiv cov kab txiav ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas tsim kev puas tsuaj rau zaub;
- Thaum mulching landings nrog nyom los yog lwm yam ntaub ntawv organic, lawv cov theem qis maj disappears, nws yog noj thiab tiav los ntawm worms, yog li tsim humus thiab fertilizing cov av. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem ua tsis tau ntxiv chiv los yog txo lawv cov nqi.
- nyob rau hauv mulch, av noo noo nyob ntev, nws to top txheej tsis qhuav tawm tom qab watering. Qhov no tso cai rau koj kom pab saib xyuas kev cog txiv lws suav, tshem tawm qhov yuav tsum tau siv dej thiab loosening av;
- mulch rau txiv lws suav rau hauv lub tsev xog paj tiv thaiv evaporation ntawm noo noo los ntawm saum npoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Txij li thaum lawv muaj dej ntau thiab feem ntau, nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw nkag, dej evaporates thaum evaporation, uas yog detrimental rau txiv lws suav thiab muaj txhawb rau tsim ntawm phytophthora thiab lwm yam kab mob.
- mulching simplifies tus txheej txheem rau watering txiv lws suav, raws li cov khiav ntawm dej tsis erode sab saum toj txheej ntawm av;
- nyob rau hauv mulch, ripening accelerates thiab yields nce.
Rau high tawm los, nyeem txog cov nta ntawm cultivation ntawm lws suav ntau yam: kua txob, Batyana, Honey poob, Katya, Marina Grove.
Hom mulch
Cov khoom siv vaj tse rau txhua yam qoob loo, nrog rau cov txiv lws suav, muab faib ua ob pawg: cov khoom ntawm cov organic organic thiab cov coatings tshwj xeeb, uas yog tsim los ntawm kev lag luam. Hauv qab no peb ua tib zoo saib seb dab tsi yuav mulched txiv lws suav rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom, qhov zoo tshaj thiab kev siv cov khoom sib txawv.
Organic
Organic cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov zoo tshaj rau lws suav mulchc tshaj li khoom dag, txij thaum thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo organic mulch, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau nws lub ntsiab hauj lwm, ua lwm qhov tseem ceeb muaj nuj nqi. Maj mam zuj zus, cov teeb meem organic hloov mus rau hauv humus thiab ua ib qho ntxiv fertilizer rau txiv lws suav. Hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kuj txiav txim siab uas microelements raws li ib tug tshwm sim pub cov av, yog li ntawd, koj muaj peev xwm xaiv qhov feem ntau haum.
Tsaus los yog straw, compost, humus, peat, shavings, sawdust, tsob ntoo ntoo me me, nplooj ntoo, koob, cov noob qoob thiab noob, weeded cov nroj tsuag cov noob uas tsis ua noob, zoo li cov ntawv thiab ntawv xov xwm tsim nyog ua cov organic mulch.
Straw raws li mulch yog ib qho khoom zoo heev rau siv nyob rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom. Ib txheej ntawm straw 10-15 cm tuab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv txiv lws suav los ntawm cov kab mob xws li nplooj ntoos chaw, thaum ntxov lwj, anthracnose. Lub straw zoo kis oxygen rau hauv paus system, yog li ib qho zoo heev kub thais insulator. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog saib xyuas lub sij hawm straw txheej ntawm mulch, raws li cov nas lossis kab tsuag kab tuaj yeem muaj nyob.
Tiaj nyom nyom los yog weeded cov hluas cov nroj tsuag uas tsis muaj lub sij hawm rau cov noob yog tsim raws li mulch. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog uas yuav tsum tau muab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov nroj tsuag kom txaus rau tom qab nws qhov chaw nyob ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus 5 cm. Tab sis nyob rau hauv mulching nyom muaj nws qhov tsav: cov av yuav tsum tas li pub nrog nitrogen thiab kab kawm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua ntej mulching txiv lws suav nrog mowed nyom thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas weeds, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los mus qhuav lawv nyob rau hauv lub hnub rau neutralize kab parasites. Txwv tsis pub, lawv yuav tsiv mus rau txiv lws suav.Ib lub tsev rau txiv lws suav los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tom hav zoov yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Xws li ib tug mulch tsis tsuas tiv thaiv tawm tsam weeds thiab ziab tawm cov av, tab sis kuj saturates lub plantings nrog microelements thiab lig kab mob. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg uas muaj kev poob siab txog seb puas muaj peev xwm mus rau txiv lws suav nrog koob, yuavtsum tau nrhiav sijhawm mus rau tom hav zoov thiab npaj hom hom mulch thiab fertilizer tib lub sijhawm.
Rau cov laj thawj no, cov khoom haum kom zoo los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw thiab ciaj ciam. Ntoo mulching khoom (sawdust, bark) yog muaj zog tshaj zaub, yog li ntawd nws yog ntau ruaj thiab retains noo noo zoo dua. Tawb ntoo bark yog siv raws li mulch rau vaj teb ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo bushes, zoo li rau zaub nyob rau hauv greenhouses. Thaum mulching nrog woody khoom koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai yooj yim:
- siv cov khoom siv ntoo zoo nkaus xwb;
- ib txheej ntawm sawdust los yog crushed bark nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 8 cm yuav tsum tau watered nrog ib tug 5% daws ntawm urea;
- kom tiv thaiv av oxidation, scatter chalk lossis slaked txiv qaub hla ib txheej ntawm mulch;
Nws tseem yog qhov zoo rau mulch txiv lws suav rau hauv ib lub tsev cog khoom siv compost, uas yuav npaj tau los ntawm tej yam pov tseg uas tuaj yeem tsim tau. Tshaj ntev ntev, nroj, tsev khib nyiab, laus ntawv, quav nyab, thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv organic ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev tov rau zaub, nrog rau txiv lws suav. Rau mulching txiv lws suav, ib tug 3 cm compost txheej yog txaus.
Nws yog zoo dua mus sib tov lub compost nrog lwm hom mulch, raws li nws yog sai sai ua los ntawm worms. Mulching txiv lws suav rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom nrog ntawv xov xwm kuj yog qhov zoo heev, vim daim ntawv yog ntoo uas tau ua tiav. Ua li no, koj siv tau cov ntawv dub thiab dawb thiab cov ntawv xov xwm, uas yog preliminarily crushed thiab npog plantings nrog ib txheej thickness txog li 15 cm.Kev cov mulching contributes rau cov cua sov ntawm cov av thiab yuav kav ntev dua lwm yam ntaub ntawv.
Inorganic
Yuav kom tu rau txiv lws suav rau hauv greenhouses muaj tshwj xeeb khoom neeg tsim khoom, piv txwv li, Agrotex. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus gardeners xav txog yuav cov khoom xws li khib nyiab ntawm nyiaj, vim hais tias lawv tau ntse hloov los ntawm polyethylene, burlap, etc. Xav seb yuav ua li cas kom mulch lub txiv lws suav nrog kev pab los ntawm khoom neeg tsim khoom.
Cov ntaub ntawv inorganic muaj ntau yam zoo dua cov organic vim hais tias lawv tuaj yeem ntev dhau lawm: tag nrho lub caij, lossis ob zaug, thiab peb. Vim lub tsev xog paj siv, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom neeg tsim, txiv lws suav yog loj hlob thiab tsim ntau nquag.
Thaum mulching nrog ib tug zaj duab xis, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom zoo. Lws suav mulch zaj duab xis yuav tsum tau liab, opaque thiab ruaj rau tiv thaiv maj noob. Nws yog tsim nyog los npog txiv lws suav nrog ib zaj duab xis tightly, qhov no yuav cia kom nce kub ntawm cov av los ntawm 1-2 degrees. Qhov no hom mulching yog haum rau lub caij txias. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, zaj duab xis yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kom tsis txhob overheating ntawm cov av.
Nws yog nrov heev kom loj hlob nyob rau hauv greenhouses zoo li: Sweet peppers, cucumbers, eggplants, strawberries.
Txiv lws suav muaj peev xwm muab tau mulched nrog cov khoom uas tsis yog-khaus, uas muaj ib tug qauv ntxeem tau thiab zoo kis dej noo thiab cua. Xws li mulch yuav ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj los ntawm 3 mus rau 5 xyoo, tiv thaiv txiv lws suav los ntawm pests thiab cov tsos ntawm fungal kab mob. Qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov kev xaiv no tsuas yog siab ntawm cov khoom siv.
Dab tsi yuav tsis tau mulched txiv lws suav rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom
Tsis txhob mulch txiv lws suav nrog ruberoid. Txawm hais tias nws yog ib qho khoom haum thiab ruaj ruaj uas tsis pub nyob rau hauv lub teeb thiab tsis cia cov nroj tsuag mus rau hlav, lub rubyoid yog lom. Qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov av thiab yav tom ntej sau qoob loo.
Nws kuj yog tsis zoo rau txiv lws suav rau mulch nrog ntshiab peat, vim hais tias nws xav oxidizes cov av. Thaum siv peat, koj yuav tsum tov nrog compost los yog lwm yam ntaub ntawv uas neutralize av acidity.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau txoj kev
Paub tias yuav ua li cas kom cov txiv lws suav mulch nyob hauv lub tsev cog khoom, koj yuav tsum tau xaiv lub sijhawm zoo rau qhov no. Nws nyob ntawm seb qhov tsev xog paj yog rhuab los yog tsis. Yog hais tias lub tsev xog paj yog rhuab, nws yog ua tau rau mulch lub txiv lws suav txhua lub sij hawm, raws li xav tau. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tsev xog paj unheated, mulching yog tsim nyog tsuas yog tom qab cov av tau warmed li txaus thiab kev hem thawj ntawm Frost tau dhau.
Tshuab tso nyiaj mulch nyob ntawm seb hom khoom. Xoob thiab organic mulch yog them nrog ib txheej ntawm ob peb centimeters nruab nrab ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tawm hauv ib qhov chaw me me nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qia dawb rau watering. Yog tias cov khoom siv khoom siv, nws kis tau rau saum txaj, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas nws npaj rau cog txiv lws suav, ua cov ntoo khaub lig zoo li cas. Tom qab, seedlings yog cog nyob rau hauv txiav thiab watered.
