Loj hlob strawberries yuav tsum muaj zog thiab ua siab ntev. Tab sis loj hlob strawberries yog ib nrab ntawm sib ntaus sib tua. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm ntau cov pests (thiab muaj ntau tus neeg txaus siab mus noj mov rau ntawm txiv pos nphuab). Ib qho ntawm cov kab txaus ntshai uas tuaj yeem tua 50-80% ntawm tag nrho cov qoob loo weevils. Cov cim qhia tias koj cov pos nphuab tau tawm tsam ntawm tus yeeb ncuab yog: cov tsos ntawm cov nplooj me hauv cov nplooj ntsuab ntawm cov nroj tsuag, lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg ntawm lub peduncles, qhov ziab ntawm cov buds, zoo li yog ib tug neeg tau txiav lawv. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug teeb meem, koj yuav tsis yeej ib tug ua tiav tshaj li lub beetle - lub sij hawm yog poob, thiab nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis poob tag nrho sau, koj yuav tsum sib ntaus nrog cov weevil. Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj qhov teeb meem no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npaj ua ntej, kom paub zoo li cas lub weevil yog thiab yuav ua li cas sib ntaus nrog strawberries.e.
Koj puas paub? Tsev neeg ntawm weevil beetles (ntxhw) (Latitude Curculionidae) muaj ntau tshaj 70,000 hom. Lub npe ntawm beetle yog txuam nrog ib tug ntev proboscis nyob rau hauv lub taub hau (rostrum), nrog uas beetle pierces cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nrog kev pab ntawm nws nws yuav txau thiab lays qe. Cov tsev neeg weevil yog muaj ntau ntau qhov loj (ntawm 1 hli mus txog 50 hli), lub cev duab (round, flat, cylindrical, etc.), xim. Lub larvae ntawm ib co weevils nyob rau hauv hauv av, lwm tus - nyob rau hauv paj buds. Txhua tus tsiaj muaj nws tus kheej me, nws tus kheej saj: ib tug neeg noj tsob ntoo hav zoov, ib tug siv ntoo txiv ntoo, ib tug neeg siv cov qoob loo vaj tse, ib tug neeg (piv txwv li, tsob ntoo weevil) noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas sau los ntawm cov neeg.
Kab mob strawberry zoo li cas?
Ntau tshaj 5,000 hom ntawm cov kab no nyob hauv nruab nrab latitudes. Ntawm lawv, qhov loj tshaj kev hem thawj rau strawberries yog raspberry-strawberry weevil (lat. Anthonomus rubi). Kom ntse tua cov kab phem, koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi lub weevil zoo li. Qhov loj ntawm tus neeg laus beetle yog me me - txog li 3 hli, xim ntawm lub chitinous cover yog xim dub thiab xim av. Cov kab no npog cov plaub hau luv luv, muaj tis nrog uas nws yoov los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Poj niam weevils yog cov loj dua li cov txiv neej. Lub npe ntawm hom no weevil qhia tias nws txoj kev quav - cov kab yuav cuam tshuam tsis yog xwb strawberries thiab txiv pos nphuab, tab sis kuj raspberries, blackberries, Rose bushes thiab qus sawv.
Lub sij hawm mating yog ib nrab thiab ib nrab lub hlis. Thaum lub sij hawm no, ib tug poj niam muaj peev xwm nteg txog li 50 qe. Lub raspberry-Strawberry weevil yog ib tug sawv cev ntawm ib tug ntev-nosed ib tug - nws yog xav paub ntau tshaj attracted los ntawm paj buds. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lawv hais tias weevil pojniam nteg qe (ib tug nyob rau hauv ib lub Bud), los ntawm uas lub larvae hatch - tuab dawb los yog cream worms (lub taub hau muaj ib lub xim av daj chitinous). Tom qab 20 hnub, cov menyuam kawm ntawv tshwm sim. Qhov muag ntawm cov xim daj daj muaj cov kev cai ntawm lub taub hau, tis, ceg. Tom qab ob peb lub lis piam, tus me nyuam pauv mus ua ib tug neeg laus kab. Beetles hibernate nyob rau hauv hauv av hauv rotten nplooj nyob rau hauv ib tug Bush strawberry thiab ua active dua tom qab cov av warms rau ntxiv 13 degrees Celsius.
Koj puas paub? Dab tsi yog weevil? Weevil yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau txaus ntshai pests, noj keeb kwm, nplooj, stems, txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm yuav luag txhua paub nroj tsuag (nrog rau cov dej). Feem ntau hom ntawm weevils nyob hauv lub tropics. Ntiaj teb ua kom sov thiab cov tib neeg kev ua si tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias muaj ntau yam ntawm weevils, tau ua ke nrog imported khoom nyob rau hauv lwm cov cheeb tsam, acclimatize nyob rau hauv tshiab kev mob climatic. Tus piv txwv yog tus liab palm weevil los ntawm sab hnub tuaj Asia, uas yog ib qho teeb meem rau Fabkis, Spain, Mexico, thiab txawm mus txog Krasnodar Territory ntawm Russia (nyob rau hauv 2015, qhov no tua tau ntau hnub palms nyob rau hauv Sochi).
Weevil Mob Lub Siab
Overwintering beetles tau tawm ntawm hauv av thiab, nyob rau hauv anticipation ntawm buds, mloog zoo nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub Strawberry bushes, on loj hlob stalks thiab nplooj. Tom qab cov tsos ntawm cov buds thiab mating, tus poj niam weevil puas tsuaj lub cos, lays ib qe nyob rau hauv nws, thiab ces cov txheej txheem piav qhia yog muab: larva, pupa, cov kab mob hluas (kwv yees li ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov). Vim li ntawd, tus kab nroj tsuag devours buds, paj thiab stalks, Strawberry nplooj. Tsuas yog ib tug poj niam tuaj yeem ua puas 50 paj. Yog hais tias muaj ntau ntau yam pests, thiab ib tug strawberry cuab ntxhiab yog me me, ces koj muaj peev xwm tag nrho poob lub sau. Nrog strawberries weevils tau hloov mus rau raspberries.
Koj puas paub? Xyoo 1920, hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, hauv lub nroog ntawm Enterprise (Alabama), ib lub xov tooj rau paj rwb weevil kab tau tsa. Lub monument tau tsa los ntawm ua liaj ua teb raws li ib tug token ntawm kev txaus siab tom qab weevil puas tag nrho cov paj rwb qoob loo thiab ruined teb. Tom qab ntawd, cov tswv teb tso tseg cov monoculture, pib tsim lwm cov sectors ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb thiab sai sai ua nplua nuj.
Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev siv tshuaj tua kab ntawm kev tua kab
Qhov tsim txom hais tias raspberry-Strawberry weevil yog li ntawd zoo heev uas tiv thaiv kev ntsuas yog xav tau los rau nws. Tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj kab tsuag yooj yim dua sim ua kom tshem tau nws. Kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg: tom qab kawg ntawm tus sau, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txiav tawm tag nrho cov nplooj ntawm Strawberry bushes, maj, maj, kho nrog insecticide. Yog hais tias cov nplooj muaj cov cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm weevils, ces lawv yuav tsum tau hlawv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv qee qhov kev ua liaj ua teb kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab txhawb txoj kev sib tw tiv thaiv cov kabmob:
- nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los "yaj" raspberry thiab Strawberry bushes nyob rau lub cuab ntxhiab (ob qho tib si nroj tsuag yog Attendance cuam tshuam los ntawm tus Kab Tsuag);
- cog Strawberry ntau yam nrog lub sij hawm luv flowering;
- buds thiab nplooj puas los ntawm tus kab;
- tsis tu ncua siv ib qho kev kho txhua yam ntawm kev lag luam nrog kab - sau cov kab ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus siv nws thaum sawv ntxov ntxov (tom qab hmo ntuj cov kab uas tsis tau sov tuaj tsis tau). Nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj, koj tuaj yeem nqa ntawv, zaj duab xis nyob hauv hav zoov (koj tuaj yeem siv lub tais phiab, thiab lwm yam), thiab yav sawv ntxov maj mam muab cog cov nroj tsuag thiab sau kab (tom qab ntawd hlawv ntawv, ntxuav lub tais hauv dej). Txawm tias tsis yooj yim, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm txoj kev no yog siab;
- sim ua kom txhob muaj kab tsuag nrog cov kab uas muaj zog (cog qej, dos, marigolds, thiab lwm yam), thiab koj yuav tsum tau ua ntu zus los yog txiav tawm ntawm cov yub los txhim khu tsw;
- khawb li hauv av rau lub caij ntuj no, mulch nrog Pine koob los yog ib tug tsaus ntom zaj duab xis.
Kev paub txog gardeners, teb yuav ua li cas nrog weevil on strawberries nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav, yog qhia kom kho cuab rau cov weevils. Rau qhov no, ib tug tshwj xeeb sib tov yog npaj: 200 g suab thaj thiab 100 g ntawm poov ib liter dej. Cov dej no sib tov rau hauv tshav kub. Tom qab ntawd nws yog poured rau hauv ib lub khob ntim nrog ib tug nqaim caj dab. Cov ntxiab raug muab tso rau ntawm cov pos nphuab thaum lub sij hawm nws cov paj (qhov sib tov yuav tsum tau hloov txhua peb hnub). Ib qho yooj yim (tab sis tsis siv tsawg dua) yuav tsum siv cov ntxiab ntawm ib daim ntaub (tsoo) thiab thaij duab ntxig rau sab saum toj ntawm ib tav su thaum sawv ntxov. Zais ntawm los ntawm tshav kub, cov weevils yog zais nyob rau hauv corrugated ntawv, thiab gardener tau tsuas yog tshem tawm lawv (nrog rau daim ntawv)
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas kom tshem ntawm lub weevil ntawm ib tug pos nphuab, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yuav tsis yog txoj kev uas koj yuav pib mus tua cov kab, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm koj pib no sib ntaus. Tsis muaj ib qho tshuaj kho - koj yuav tsum tau ntaus ntau lub tshuab thaum lub weevil beetles yog cov feem ntau yooj yim.
Sib ntaus tua pej xeem
Ib qho ntawm cov kev zoo ntawm pej xeem Kab Tsuag tswj txhais tau tias yog tau siv lawv nyob rau hauv tej lub sij hawm ntawm vegetative kev loj hlob ntawm strawberries yam tsis muaj mob mus rau cov nroj tsuag. Cov kev cai lij choj yuav tsum tau rov ua dua - lawv tau yooj yim ntxuav tawm thaum dej los yog thaum nag lossis daus. Cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm pej xeem tshuaj los ntawm weevil nyob rau Strawberry yog txawv, yog li nws yog zoo dua los siv pov thawj kev paub.
Txau Strawberry bushes yog nrov:
- mustard daws (100 g ntawm qhuav mustard nyob rau hauv 3 liv dej);
- ib tug daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate (5 g ib 10 l ntawm dej);
- (1 kg ntawm tshiab liab kua txob rau 10 liters dej, infuse rau ob hnub, ces ncau rau 10 feeb thiab infuse rau ob hnub ntxiv. Khaws rau hauv lub thawv kaw nruj);
- thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm buds - emulsion ntawm mustard thiab laundry xab npum (10 liv dej, 200 g ntawm xab npum, 200 g ntawm mustard);
- infusion ntawm tansy (yav tsaus ntuj): 1.5 kg ntawm tshiab tansy mus rau 5 liv dej. Insist 3-4 hnub, 30 min. boil, dilute nrog 5 liv ntawm dej txias, ua ntej spraying ntxiv 50 g ntawm xab npum;
- haus luam yeeb qej;
- kua ammonia (2 dia ib thoob dej);
- tov ntoo tshauv (3 kg), xab npum ntxhua khaub ncaws (40 g) thiab 10 liters dej (thaum lub caij ua paj ntoos);
- decoction ntawm iab wormwood (ib tug nroj tsuag yog me ntsis wrought, boil rau 15 feeb nyob rau hauv 4 liv dej, ntxiv 6 liv dej txias thiab 40 g ntawm xab npum).
Ib qho txiaj ntsim zoo tau los ntawm mulching strawberries nrog tshauv nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, raws li tau zoo raws li watering nrog ib qho iodine daws (1 tsp ib thoob dej).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum nug thaum twg sprinkle strawberries los ntawm weevil, kws txawj hais tias strawberry bushes yuav tsum tau sprayed tsuas yog thaum lub sij hawm budding, thaum buds raug tsim.
Lom Kho Mob
Rau kev nyab xeeb rau ib qho nroj tsuag, tus neeg thiab cov muv mus rau biological txoj kev txhim kho cov kab mob tua kab tsuag. Lawv yog cov phooj ywg zoo, tsis txhob tuaj yeem thiab tsis tuaj yeem txuam nrog cov av, cov nroj tsuag, thiab lwm yam.
Lawv tau pib los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov txog caij nplooj zeeg. Nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub hlwb hais tias:
- cov txiaj ntsim ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov yeeb tshuaj no yog pom ntawm tsuas yog dhau ntawm lub sijhawm;
- ntau txoj kev kho mob nrog lawv yog tsim nyog;
- Biologics yog ib co tseem ceeb nyob rau cov huab cua puag (txo cov kub, nag, pos huab, thiab lwm yam., Zoo heev rau cov ua haujlwm).
Tej kev lom neeg zoo li no los ntawm cov weevil, xws li "Akarin", "Iskra-bio", "Fitoverm", "Nemabakt", "Antonem-F" thiab lwm tus, zoo rau lub sij hawm Strawberry bushes. Cov kab mob ntawm cov tshuaj muaj xws li cov kab mob uas tiv thaiv cov txiv pos nphuab ntau xyoo. Cov tshuaj "Cesar" (muaj cov kab mob Pseudomonas B-306, cov kua paug ntawm cov fungus Stereptomyces avermitilis) muaj qhov ua tau zoo - ua rau tuag taus ntawm weevils thiab lawv tuag hauv 5-7 hnub. Tau txais ntawm cov tshuaj - 10-15 ml ib 10 l dej. Txau nrog cov khoom siv roj ntsha tuaj yeem tawm hauv kev nyab xeeb, qhuav huab cua, thaum yav tsaus ntuj.
Tshuaj txau
Tshuaj tiv thaiv tawm tsam Strawberry pests yog heev txhim khu kev qha thiab zoo. Raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm weevil on strawberries feem ntau siv txhais tau tias "Karbofos", "Metafos", "Corsair", "Atelix" thiab "Inta-vir."
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv kab txawv ntawm cov insecticides yog heev nruj, lawv muaj ib tug tsis zoo tsis tsuas yog nyob rau weevil pests, tab sis kuj on lig kab (bees), nyob rau tib neeg lub cev. Kev siv (nrog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntsuas) ntawm xws li txhais tau tias yog qhov tseeb thaum lub sij hawm thaum tag nrho lwm txoj kev tsis pab.
Thawj kev ntawm strawberries nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav los ntawm weevil yog nqa tawm tsib hnub ua ntej flowering. Qhov thib ob kev kho mob yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov (thaum ib tug tshiab tiam ntawm weevils yuav tshwm). Nrog kab tsuag muaj kab mob zoo heev, lub caij nplooj zeeg caij nplooj zeeg tseem raug coj tawm thaum sau qoob loo lawm. Txau yog nqa tawm thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov (yog li ntawd raws li tau kom tsis txhob raug mob bees thiab lwm yam kab kab).
