Cog pears

Peculiarities ntawm loj hlob pears ntawm ntau yam "Moskvichka"

Ib qho ntawm feem nrov thiab nrhiav-tom qab ntau yam ntawm pears yog "Muscovite". Tsob ntoo uas tsis txuam tsuaj no ua rau cov neeg loj hlob tsis zoo thiab tsis tas yuav tshwj xeeb.

Koj puas paub? Pear "Muscovite" yog bred los ntawm dawb pollination ntawm seedlings ntawm "Kieffer" ntau yam. Nws yog nws uas tau los ua ntau hom pears nyob rau thaj tsam Moscow.

Pear "Muscovite", cov lus qhia dav dav

Pear "Muscovite" muaj cov lus piav qhia nram qab no:

  • Cov no yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj cov paj khov khov. Adult fertile nroj tsuag muaj ib tug conical puab nrog ib tug ntom crown.
  • Cov nplooj yog me me, oval nyob rau hauv qhov loj thiab muaj ib tug nqis siab tshaj nyob rau hauv sawv. Nplooj tsis muaj ntug, du, nyom nyob rau hauv qhov chaw.
  • Paj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub tais, dawb. Nyob rau hauv racemes inflorescences muaj 5-7 paj.
  • Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ib qhov loj ntawm txog li 135 grams, daj xim ntsuab. Cov nqaij ntawm pear yog ntom, heev muaj kua, muaj ib tug qab ntxiag saj thiab ib tug ci fruity aroma.
  • Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj peev xwm muab khaws cia rau ntev thiab tseem muaj kev nthuav qhia. Lawv siv los ua cov npuas, cov khoom ua ke, cov kabmob, marmalade, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, thiab lwm yam.
Ntau cov pears "Muscovite" muaj cov siab yields, tab txawm nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob tsis zoo. Los ntawm ib tsob ntoo cov qoob loo ncav cuag 50 kg. Pears dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo twb nyob rau ntawm 4-5 xyoos tom qab cog, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen nyob rau hauv lig Lub yim hli ntuj los yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Ripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis showered nrog ntoo. Rau ntev cia, nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom sau kom txog thaum pom tshwm sim ntawm kom loj hlob tshwm. Tom qab ntawd, lub pears yuav ripen maj thiab ntev khaws cia nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm lub chav.

Pear cog tshuab

Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau "Moskvichka" pear kom noj paus thiab abundantly dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws cov cog thiab kev kho mob yuav tsum yog thiab ntsuas. Pear cog thaum caij nplooj zeeg (lub Kaum Hli Ntuj) los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav (Plaub Hlis Ntuj-Tsib Hlis), thiab nws yog qhov zoo dua yog xaiv qhov chaw nyob ze ntawm pollinator ntau yam (Lada, Marble, Elegant Efimova, Moscow Bergamot, Lyubimitsa Yakovleva).

Xaiv qhov chaw tsaws chaw

Qhov chaw yuav tsum tau ca, qhuav thiab zoo lit. Nws nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub teeb saj: qhov ntau lub teeb, qhov zoo dua lub saj. Pear tsis zam stagnant noo noo nyob rau hauv cov av. Nco ntsoov tias cov av nyob hauv qhov tob ntawm tsis pub tsawg tshaj 2.5 meters, txwv tsis pub tsob ntoo tuag taus. Qhov no ntau yam pear hlob zoo on sandy-chernozem los yog loamy av, nrog ib tug acidity ntawm txog 5.6-6.0.

Nws tseem ceeb heev!Tsis txhob cog qoob pear hauv av nplaum av, thiab yog tias lwm tus tsis yog, ces ua kom tsaws tsaws nrog thaj av zoo.

Tsaws qauv

Thiaj li rau tsob ntoo kom khom thiab nquag hloov mus rau cov tshiab mob, koj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas cog lub Moskvichka pear kom raug. Yog li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xav txog cov ntsiab lus nram qab no:

  • ib qhov aub tsiv rau cog yog npaj tau ob lub lis piam ua ntej pib tsaws;
  • rau cog seedlings nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, koj yuav tsum tau npaj lub qhov taub nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg;
  • qhov tob tob - 1-1.2 meters, inch - 80 centimeters;
  • qhov chaw xaiv yog sau nrog fertile av.
Av npaj: Sib tov sab saum toj txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb nrog 3 thoob ntawm chiv, ob lub thoob ntawm xuab zeb, ib khob ntawm superfoot, 3 tablespoons ntawm poov tshuaj thiab 1 kilogram ntawm cov organic teeb meem.

  • sau lub qhov taub nrog cov av siav thiab npog nrog cov hmoov nplej siab dolomite (10 liters);
  • Ncuav ob lub thoob dej thiab tawm hauv qhov tawm mus rau 14 hnub los yog txog thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Planting pear seedlings:

  • soak lub keeb kwm ntawm seedlings nyob rau hauv cov dej rau lub nkoj rau cog;
  • txiav ceg ntoo;
  • rauj ib peg rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov (50 cm);
  • muab ib lub pov toj ntawm lub ntiaj teb nyob ze ntawm lub peg thiab tso ib tug seedling nyob rau hauv nws;
  • tusyees ncaj nruab nrab ntawm cov cag;
  • sau qhov aub tsiv nrog seedling nrog tsis muaj fertilizer;
  • Nco ntsoov tias lub caj dab qhua puv 5-7 cm saum av;
  • tamp lub ntiaj teb maj mam muab thiab ncuav 3 dej rau hauv qhov dej;
  • mulch lub av ib ncig ntawm lub seedling nrog humus;
  • khi lub seedling mus rau peg.
Tom qab cog, nco ntsoov tias hauv av ib ncig ntawm lub seedling tsis qhuav tawm. Tsis txhob hnov ​​qab loosen cov av mus rau ib qhov tob ntawm 15 cm Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag ib ncig ntawm pear - qhov no yuav pab tiv thaiv cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag.

Yuav ua li cas dej ib pear

Txawm hais tias pear "Moskvich" thiab unpretentious txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis tseem yuav tsum tau ib co kev kho mob. Cultivating cultivation ntawm pears "Muscovite" gardeners feem ntau xav: "Yuav ua li cas dej tsob ntoo yog li ntawd nws yog zoo dua bearing txiv hmab txiv ntoo?". Nws tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab txog nws. Cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo yuav tsum tau ywg dej ib zaug ib lub lim tiam, thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj. Kwv yees li ntawm 10 liters ntawm cov dej muaj noj rau ib tsob ntoo. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov av noo noo yuav tsum ncav cuag 50-60 cm nyob rau hauv tob.

Thaum ib tug pear dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo, watering yog nqa tawm los ntawm thaum pib ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub yim hli ntuj, thiab nws cov regime yog nyob ntawm huab cua. Thaum lub Cuaj Hli, qhov kev qhia txog kev haus dej puv nkaus.

Fertilizer pear "Muscovite"

Nws tseem ceeb heev!Pear fertilization tom qab flowering yog yuav tsum tau los txhim kho qhov zoo thiab ntau ntawm qoob loo.
Koj muaj peev xwm pub lub pear los ntawm lub xyoo tom ntej tom qab cog lub seedling. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, cov ntoo yog fertilized nrog ammonium nitrate (20 grams rau ib 1 square meter). Txhua txhua peb lub xyoo, tsis txhob hnov ​​qab ua cov organic chiv - superphosphate (50 grams ib square meter), compost (ib nrab ib thoob rau txhua tsob ntoo), potassium sulphate (20 grams ib square meter). Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom fertilize ntoo nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, ces muab kev pab cuam zoo dua yaim.

Cov kev cai rau kev "Muscovites"

Pear "Muscovite" yuav tsum tau cov phom sij raws caij nyoog rau qhov qhia tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov yas thiab nws cov tsim. Pruning yuav pib thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob, thiab nws txoj hauj lwm tseem ceeb yog thinning thiab txo ceg ntoo.

Pear Pruning

Txiav lub pear nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog caij nplooj zeeg lig, uas yuav pab tsim kom muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm cev pob txha ntawm ib tsob ntoo uas yuav tiv thaiv qhov hnyav ntawm yav tom ntej sau. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua ib tug longline pruning. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txiav lub ceg thiaj li hais tias skeletal ceg raug teem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tiers ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 40-50 cm. Mus txog 4 ceg yuav tsum nyob ntawm txhua theem. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum tau txiav lub tua los ntawm pob tw, ces cov ceg uas loj hlob parallel mus rau lub pob tw nyob rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia feem ntsug. Tsis txhob rov qab hemp, tab sis tsis txhob npuag ntau npuag. Kev puas tsuaj tob yuav kho kom ntev ntev. Yog li, nrog pruning kom zoo, tsob ntoo yuav muaj zog thiab muaj peev xwm tiv nrog lub load ntawm cov tshiab qoob loo.

Pruning seedlings

Thaum cog seedlings, ceg yog pruned mus rau ib feem peb ntawm lawv ntev. Qhov no yog ua tiav xwv kom lawv tuaj yeem tsim ib lub yas.

Cov tub ntxhais hluas pear yog shortened mus rau theem ntawm 50-60 cm los ntawm hauv av. Qhov no yuav txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab tua thiab buds.

Nyob rau hauv ib tsob ntoo muaj ob xyoos, lub pob tw hlais ntev. Yog li, 4-5 ib sab tua yuav tsum nyob twj ywm ntawm qhov loj, ntawm kaum ntawm 45 ° relative to lub qia. Nco ntsoov txiav cov curves thiab loj hlob sab hauv, tab sis tsis txhob tshem ntau tshaj 25% ntawm tag nrho cov ceg ntoo, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo.

Harvesting thiab khaws cia txiv hmab txiv ntoo

Yog hais tias qhov chaw rau "Moskvichka" pear ntau yam yog raug xaiv, thiab cog nws tus kheej thiab tom ntej kev saib xyuas rau cultivation twb nqa tawm nyob rau hauv kev ua raws cai nrog tag nrho cov uas yuav tsum tau, ces qhov sau yuav ua tau siab heev.

Koj tuaj yeem sau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo txij thaum lub Cuaj Hlis mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub hlis, thiab kom paub meej tias lawv cov ripeness, them nyiaj rau lub daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Yog hais tias nws twb pib tig daj, ces nws yog lub sij hawm sau.

Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua ntej noj su, vim hais tias thaum ntsuas kub, lawv maj mam sov thiab tuaj yeem khaws zuj zus. Thaum tua tau, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhwv ib ncig ntawm cov ntiv tes thiab muab tso tseg, yog li ntawd tus npliag tseem nyob ntawm lub pear torn. Tsis txhob co pears los ntawm ib tsob ntoo, txwv tsis pub lawv yuav yeej thiab tsis muab khaws cia.

Koj puas paub?Yog hais tias koj tawg lub ceg ntawm sau, tom ntej no lub xyoo tsob ntoo yuav dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsawg dua, vim tias tag nrho nws lub zog thiab lub zog yuav raug siv rau restoration.
Qhov ntev ntawm tag nrho cov "Muscovite" pears yog khaws cia ntawm 0 ° C. Lawv tsis poob lawv qhov kev nthuav qhia thiab saj 2 - 2.5 hli tom qab sau. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav khaws cia tsis pub ntev tshaj ob lub lis piam.

Yog li, pear ntau "Muscovite" yog ib qho ntawm feem nrov ntawm gardeners, tsis tsuas yog lub zos tab sis kuj muaj lwm thaj chaw. Nws yog cais raws li ib qho ntawm feem ntau unpretentious thiab fruitful. Nws yog resistant mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov pests, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog khaws cia rau ib lub sij hawm ntev thiab muaj zoo saj. Nrog kom cog thiab tu tus txiv moj coos, nws yuav zoo siab nrog koj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cua uas yog tsim rau kev npaj rau lub caij ntuj no, thiab rau ntau yam tais diav thiab haus.