Nrog chav, kev pab cuam thiab tej yam txaus siab, nws yog qhov yooj yim mus nce npua nyob hauv tsev.
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias koj tau txiav txim siab li no, ua ntej koj yuav tau saib xyuas seb koj yuav ua li cas rau koj cov tsiaj. Tom qab tag nrho, txawm hais tias cov tsiaj no tsis tuaj yeem mus dhau ntawm cov xov pub rau nws, yog tias koj xav tau ib lub txiaj ntsim siab, koj yuav tsum ua kom zoo zoo rau kev noj haus.
Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm hauv qab no, peb yuav saib xyuas nyob rau hauv kom meej li cas pub yog zoo tshaj plaws haum rau npua, thiab dab hom ntawm fattening muaj peev xwm ua tau qhov siab tshaj plaws tsim tau.
Peb tseem yuav qhia txog qhov txawv ntawm kev noj haus ntawm cov npua me, cov neeg laus thiab cov paj.
Peculiarities ntawm pub npua: cov khoom tsim nyog siv rau qhov no
Feem ntau npua yog pub cov zaub mov pov tseg thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zaub ua siav. Feem ntau, cov zaub mov zoo li no rau cov tsiaj txhu, tab sis koj yuav tsis muaj peev xwm ceev nrooj thiab muaj txiaj ntsig nce tus neeg. Yog li, nws pom zoo kom siv ntau yam yees duab ntawm kev pub ntau zog, uas muaj cov kuas zoo thiab ntau yam vitamin tshuaj.
Nyob rau hauv ib yam ntawm cov no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog xaiv lub peculiarities ntawm lub cev ntawm npua. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov tsiaj no muaj ib leeg-chamber plab, thiab vim li no, tsis zoo li cov nyuj, lawv digest fiber uas pub ntau zog.
Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, muaj cov kua zaub ntsuab los yog khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm tag nrho cov kev noj haus ntawm npua, feem ntau nws yog tsim nyog siv cov concentrated pub. Lub tom kawg yog yooj yim thiab zoo tshaj plaws absorbed los ntawm lub cev ntawm cov tsiaj, zoo li cuam tshuam li cas nws yuav nce nyob hnyav.
Dab tsi yog hom pub rau kev xaiv, txhua tus breeder txiav txim siab ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj muaj ob qho kev xaiv tseem ceeb:
- Tso cag ntub mov, uas yog siv ntawm mash.
Hauv qhov no, lawv siv txhua hom khoom noj khib nyiab, zaub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv tau hau qos yaj ywm, nplej thiab nyom (ob qho tib si tshiab thiab finely tws nyab).
- Qhuav pub ntawm npua, uas yog raws li kev siv ntawm ntau yam ntawm crushed grain mixtures. Yuav
Lawv kuj ntxiv cov hmoov nplej, ncuav mog qab zib, vitamin thiab pob zeb tshuaj.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau muab cov tsiaj muaj ntau cov dej, txwv tsis pub lawv yuav heev tiag raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cem quav, hnyav nce qeeb.
Feem ntau cov neeg npua ntawm cov neeg tsim tawm nyiam xaiv ob txoj kev, uas tau muaj pov thawj pom nws tus kheej kom ua hauj lwm ntau dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig.
Ua ntej, koj tsis tas yuav noj cov npua ob peb zaug ib hnub twg thiab nqa lawv mus rau hauv cov khib nyiab khib nyiab hauv cov thoob khib nyiab.
Koj tsuas yog ua haujlwm xwb pre-zuaj grain, sib tov nws nrog tag nrho cov khoom ntxiv thiab ncuav tus nqi yuav tsum tau mus rau hauv lub tais rau koj cov tsiaj.
Secondly, nrog rau xws li pub mis, yuav muaj suab tsis muaj stink nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev, thiab manure nws tus kheej muaj ib tug muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm mus decompose mus rau hauv Cheebtsam cov organic, uas yog, los ua fertilizer rau nroj tsuag.
Tau, thiab raws li twb tau sau tseg, xws li kev noj zaub mov yog qhov zoo tshaj nyob hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov npua me me, muab lub sijhawm kom tau nqaij nyob hauv ib lub sijhawm luv luv. Yog li, yog tias koj tsis xav tau npua li tus neeg siv khoom noj, qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev pub cov khoom xyaw qhuav muaj txiaj ntsig ntau rau txhua qhov kev npaj.
Sib tham txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov vitamins ua
Zoo li ib tug neeg, rau ib txwm loj hlob npua yuav tsum tau noj zaub mov kom puv nkaus, tsis txhob devoid of vitamins. Peb xav tias tsis muaj leej twg xav ua kom paub tias tsis muaj cov vitamins nyob hauv tus tsiaj lub cev yuav ua rau txo qis dua ntawm kev tiv thaiv, kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj, lawv cov fertility, thiab nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus - ntawm kev tuag.
Tab sis tsis txhob xav tias qhov ntawm cov vitamins tsuas yog yuav tshwj xeeb cov tshuaj. Lawv tuaj yeem tau los ntawm cov khoom siv li niaj zaus, thawj qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau noj ntsuab fodder. Lawv yog cov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv carotene thiab cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov vitamins.
Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lub nyom thiab lwm yam zaub ntsuab yuav raug muab tshiab, ces rau lub caij ntuj no nws yog tsim nyog npaj raws li ib tug silo. Quav kuj tau muab, tab sis nws loses feem ntau ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov nyom ntsuab.
Ib qhov zoo ntawm cov vitamins xav tau rau npua yog koob thiab qhuav nettle.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom ntxiv rau kev noj haus thiab liab ntau yam ntawm carrots.
Kev siv lub cev zoo ntawm lub cev thiab kev siv khoom noj, npias los yog khob cij poov xab, uas tuaj yeem txaus siab rau lub cev qhov kev xav tau rau vitamin B. Ib qho txiaj ntsim zoo ntawm cov vitamins yog cov khoom noj, thiab yog li muab cov mis nyuj tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb rau cov neeg hluas.
Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no lub sij hawm, thaum cov tsiaj siv tau cov kev pab ntawm lawv lub cev kom tiv tau tus mob khaub thuas, zaub mov yuav tsum yog tshwj xeeb yog nplua nuj thiab noj qab haus huv. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj vitamin tshuaj tshwj xeeb, nrog rau cov roj ntses. Nws yog ib qho ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov vitamins ntawm pawg A thiab D.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tshwj xeeb concentrates ntawm cov vitamins A thiab B yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv tsiaj husbandry.
Yam khoom noj dab tsi ua tau rau npua thiab yuav ua li cas pub rau lawv noj?
Ntau xav txog npua omnivorous. Nyob rau hauv ib feem, qhov no yog qhov tseeb, tab sis tseem muaj ntau lub subtleties uas yuav tsum tau xav tias thaum pub cov tsiaj no:
- Grain yog zoo dua los muab cov tsiaj txhu tso rau hauv ib daim av. Tag nrho cov npua kuj yuav tau noj, tab sis nws yuav tsis raug tag nrho digested, raws li cov tsiaj yuav tsis tau tag nrho kev nws.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom siv cov hauv paus hniav los ntawm qhov kev xam pom ntawm kev lag luam, vim hauv daim ntawv no cov nqi yuav tsawg thiab cov tsiaj yuav tau tag nrho.
- Nrog tsoos pub, qos yaj ywm yog lub ntsiab staple khoom noj ntawm npua. Txawm li cas los xij, muab rau cov tsiaj txhu zoo li qhov ntawd tsis tsim nyog nws nyoos, raws li nws tuaj yeem ua rau lawv.
Qhov no hauv paus yuav tsum tau boiled, tom qab ntxuav ntxuav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej uas nyob tom qab noj cov qos yaj ywm tsis pom zoo siv rau hauv kev pub mis.
- Muab cov hauv paus zaub hauv cov ntawv nyoos tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov vitamin ntxiv hauv cov khoom me me. Thiab tsis tau, ib qos yuav tsum tsis txhob siv, nws yog zoo dua mus sib tov nws nrog beets, turnips. Thiab nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau xws li cov khoom raug muab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug welded daim ntawv.
Cov pig cov khoom ua paug kuj hnov mob heev.. Ua tib zoo xyuas koj yuav tsum tau xa mus rau lub txhab, tsis pub kom nws khov lossis txhuam, pwm.
Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem tsim cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob hauv cov tsiaj, ua rau kis tau los ntawm cov nqaij thiab cov tib neeg.
Cov khoom uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov muab tso rau hauv kev noj haus ntawm npua
Thaum pub npua nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev tsis yog xaiv cov khoom zoo, tab sis kuj yog lawv ntau.
Yog hais tias koj muab cov tsiaj txhu loj heev - qhov no yuav tsis ua rau koj lub cev nce zuj zus, cov khoom noj yuav tseem nyob hauv lub tais.
Rau tom ntej pub mis, cov seem yuav tsum tsis txhob siv, vim hais tias spoiled zaub mov yuav tsis zoo rau tsiaj. Yog li hais tias cov khoom tsis ploj, cov khoom seem yuav pub rau ducks los yog turkeys, xws li cov zaub mov kuj tuaj mus saj rau chickens.
Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom ntxiv grain mus rau kev noj haus ntawm npua. Txawm li cas los, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias lawv yog cov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv carbohydrates, lawv tsis muaj txaus protein. Hauv no regard, nws yuav tsum ua kom muaj zaub mov ntau ntau, ntxiv rau nws cov nplej ntawm legumes, thiab fodder poov, thiab skim mis nyuj.
Pab tau rau npua yuav yog nqaij thiab pob txha noj mov los yog ntses mov, ncuav mog qab zib, rov qab.
Feem ntau, rau cov txheej txheem uas muaj peev xwm ua tiav cov khoom ntawm lub cev ntawm tus tsiaj, lawv tuaj yeem faib rau cov pawg hauv qab no:
- Cheebtsam uas muaj peev xwm muab lub cev nrog tsiaj lub zog. Lawv pom nyob hauv cov nplej, pob kws thiab nqaijrog.
- Lawv muaj cov kua roj ntau ntau, tshuaj tua kab, hmoov nplej, nqaij thiab pob txha, noj zaub mov thiab ntses noj mov, peas, thim rov qab, qab zib lupine, taum, poov xab.
- Succulent txau xws li qos yaj ywm, cabbage, beets thiab tshuaj ntsuab (silage). Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias tag nrho lawv cov txiaj ntsig, lawv tsis yooj yim mus zom zaws; yog li ntawd, cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau muab pub rau tus neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv nrog ceev faj.
- Lwm yam khoom. Nyob rau hauv pab pawg no nws yog kev cai lij choj kom muaj ntau hom zaub mov pov tseg, pov tseg los ntawm kev lag luam kev ua lag luam, nqaij cov nroj tsuag.
Hom kev pub mis rau npua thiab txawv ntawm lawv
- Pub "kom txaus." Hauv qhov no, cov me nyuam muaj me nyuam yaus tau muab cov khoom noj tas li. Troughs raug ntxuav 2 zaug hauv ib lub lim tiam kom tsis txhob ntxhib los ntawm cov qub txau ntawm pob txum hauv lawv. Lawv cov piglets yuav tsis noj mov.
Lub sijhawm zoo li no rau cov neeg hluas, nws tsis pom zoo siv nws rau cov laus.
- "Mob cev" noj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, khoom noj npua muab ob peb zaug ib hnub twg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom noj yuav tsum zoo li cov tsiaj txhu tau nchuav ntawm lub tais txawm 1-2 teev ua ntej noj mov tom ntej.
Hom kev pub mis no tsuas yog siv los noj cov noob qoob loo thiab cov noog uas loj hlob tuaj.
- "Tsuas pub" pub mis rau npua. Lub essence ntawm xws li ib tug system yog muab cov piglets tsawg dua cov zaub mov tshaj lawv noj. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, koj tuaj yeem pub tsawg dua pub, los yog koj tuaj yeem pub zaub mov tsawg dua, muab cov khoom noj txom ncauj rau noj.
Yog hais tias xws li pub mis siv rau fattening piglets, tab sis cov nqaij tau los ntawm lawv yuav lean. Tsis tas li ntawd, hom no yog siv rau kev xeeb tub, kom lawv tsis muaj roj ntau.
Kev noj cov zaub mov tsis yog txhua yam koj yuav tsum paub txog npua pub. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom xyuam xim rau cov khoom tsiaj uas xav tau ntawm cov hnub nyoog txawv. Hais txog qhov no hauv qab no.
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog npua nqaij breeds.
Kev noj haus rau cov hnub nyoog txawv ntawm npua: cheebtsam thiab lawv cov ntau
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev pub mis rau npua yog tsis tsuas yog xaiv ntawm cov zaub mov zoo, tab sis kuj yog qhov kev noj mov. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los muab khoom noj rau tsiaj nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, hloov cov xov tooj ntawm receptions nyob ntawm lawv lub hnub nyoog:
- Cov khoom noj uas muaj menyuam hauv plab yog pub ib zaug ib hnub xwb. Tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau ntxiv cov zaub mov ntxhib rau lawv cov zaub mov.
- Tib tug thiab pub mis nyuj yog pub ntau zaus, ob zaug ib hnub.
- Npua uas raug muab tshem tawm ntawm lub sow yuav tsum tau pub tsawg kawg yog 3 zaug ib hnub twg. Tsis tas li ntawd feem ntau pub cov neeg npua uas nyob ntawm kev tu thiab roj.
Fatted npua yuav muab tau li niaj zaus feeds ob zaug, thiab ntxhib txau yuav siv tau rau peb ib.
Cov mis npua thiab lawv pub mis
Yuav kom qhia me me ntxais npua los pub nws twb yog los ntawm hnub thib tsib, txij thaum lub sijhawm ntawd lawv cov hniav pib txiav.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov kab mob hniav thiab qog qaub ncaug tsim thaum lawv siv toasted nplej ntawm peas, hom qoob mog, pob kws, los yog barley.
Txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum lawv yuav mob plab chiv los ntawm kev pub mis, yog li tsis txhob hnov qab muab rau lawv acidophilic qaub mis nyuj haus.
Muab txuam nrog cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb rau cov piglets maj maj ntxiv rau kev sib tw, los yog chalk, pob txha noj mov thiab cov thee siv.
On hnub 10, lawv twb tau tso cai rau muab me ntsis zaub ntug hauv paus, tom qab nws tsuas yog yuav hlais txiav.
Dhau lub sijhawm, nws yog pub rau hauv cov zaub mov me ntsis kab, taub thiab ua ke silage, tab sis tsawg heev. Thaum ncav peb lub lis piam ntawm hnub nyoog, cov npua yuav muaj peev xwm tag nrho digest thiab boiled qos yaj ywm.
Tshem tawm ntawm lub uterus piglets yog qhov tseem ceeb rau 1.5 lub hlis. Txog lub sijhawm no, lawv yuav tsum kawm kom paub noj cov zaub mov ntawm nws tus kheej, tsawg dua thiab tsis tshua lees lawv mus rau lawv niam.
Tsis tas li ntawd sow tseem ceeb rau kev txhais lus rau hauv qhuav pubQhov no yuav ua rau kev qev tas lawm. Txog li cas lub sij hawm mus pub piglets weaned, peb twb hais. Thiab nyob rau hauv kev noj haus lawv yuav tsum muaj cov khoom nram qab no:
- Mixtures ntawm concentrates.
- Mis nyuj haus (nyiam dua skimmed).
- Cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab muaj zog txaus noj - zaub ntug hauv paus, quav nyab, silage.
- Mineral cov khoom.
Yuav ua li cas kom noj cov gilts?
Pub, los yog zuj zus, ntawm gilts yog ib txoj hauj lwm tseem ceeb heev.
Qhov tseeb yog tias thaum lub sijhawm no, lawv nyuam qhuav tsim cov pob txha loj, nrog rau cov leeg nqaij, tom qab ntawd yog lub hauv paus rau kev tso rog.
Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, nws yog qhov yooj yim yooj yim kom lawv nyob rau hauv lub pasture, pub lawv nrog cov nyom nyom, thiab ntxiv rau kev noj haus ib me ntsis chav dej khib nyiab thiab vitamin concentrates.
Koj tuaj yeem pub zaub mov rau lawv zoo li cov kua zaub: steamed ob xuab moos ua ntej pub noj nyom tov nrog sov sov thiab qoob loo. Thaum lub sijhawm no, cov npua yuav tsum tau los ntawm 20 mus rau 50 kilograms.
Yuav ua li cas npua yog fattened rau slaughter: lub ntsiab sib nrauj ntawm kev noj haus yuav tsum tau
Thaum cov npua ncav lub qhov hnyav ntawm 50 kilograms, lawv tuaj yeem muab cov zaub mov, kom lawv nce tsis tau tsuas yog lub cev hnyav, tab sis kuj muaj roj ntau. Nws kav 3 lub hlis thiab thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm cov npua yuav tsum tau muab pub rau noj kom ntau li ntau tau cov zaub mov zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub hlwb nco ntsoov hais tias txawv cov khoom noj muaj feem xyuam rau qhov zoo ntawm nqaij nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev:
- Yog hais tias koj muab cov ntses pov tseg - txog nqaij yuav rub tus ntses.
- Rau nqaij npuas npua npua, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muab cov khoom siv mis nyuj, uas muab cov nqaij qab ntxiag.
- Cov nqaij npuav thiab cov nqaij npuav tsis pub yuav yog thaum cov tsiaj muab ntau qos yaj ywm, nplej bran, pob kws thiab buckwheat.
- Cov zaub ua rog ntxias.
- Soy thiab khoom qab zib txo qhov zoo ntawm nqaij npuas.
Pub cov neeg laus - boars thiab sows
Lub boar yog sai sai tau txais roj loj, yog li cov zaub mov nws xav tau yog yooj yim digestible. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo 75% ntawm kev noj zaub haus ntawm boar los ntawm concentrates. Lwm 10% ntawm kev noj haus yuav tsum muaj kev pabcuam uas yog tsiaj txhu, thiab ntau yam khoom noj su.
Legumes kuj tseem ceeb rau cov metabolism hauv ib txwm ntawm cov tsiaj, yog li lawv cov particle nyob rau hauv tag nrho kev noj haus yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 5%.
Cov nplej txhuam, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv lwg, cov nplooj lwg, cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov mis nyuj yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau muab. Ua kom tag nrho cov khoom noj kom txaus li qhov ua tau, tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov tshuaj vitamin.
Lub ntsiab tus nqi thaum pub zaub ua rau lub caij nyoog ntawm gestation yuav tsum tau ua rau kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab ntau hom. Qhov no tej zaum yuav ntsuab nyom thiab silage, thiab ntau yam qoob loo cov qoob loo.
Rau ntau yam concentrates, pob zeb hauv av tshuaj, herbal thiab nqaij thiab pob txha noj mov.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas cog tsis muaj calcium deficiency, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej nws tseem yuav tau mus rau cov tub ntxhais hluas. Yog li ntawd, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau muaj xws li cov chalk zoo tib yam los yog limestone hauv nws cov khoom noj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog tsis tsim nyog hais tias nyob rau hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm gestation, pub yog tsis ntau tshaj, vim qhov no yuav ua rau tuag ntawm embryo. Pub nyob rau hauv ob ib nrab ntawm gestation yuav tsum nrog tsawg ntxiv succulent pub. Tag nrho cov nyiaj pub rau hauv 3 hnub dhau los ua ntej yuav tsum tau txo 30-30%.
