Viticulture

Qeb ntawm txiv hmab "Kesha"

Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev kom tau raws li ib tug neeg uas yuav tsis zoo rau cov txiv hmab.

Txawm lub inhabitants ntawm sab qab teb, seemingly spoiled los ntawm lub loj kawg abundance ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov delicious berries, yog tseem tsis indifferent rau lawv.

Tab sis, txawm tias tag nrho cov spoiledness ntawm Southers, ob qho tib si lawv thiab cov neeg nyob ntawm lwm cheeb tsam climatic heev txaus siab no hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo li Kesha.

Nws yog hais txog qhov no thaum ntxov ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo grape ntau yam thiab yuav tham txog hauv qab no.

Peb lub hom phiaj tsis yog qhuas qhuas Kesh ntau yam, tab sis qhia rau hauv nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab qhov tsis zoo, ua kom peb cov neeg txawj nyeem ntawv tseem paub txog kev cog thiab kev tu lawv.

Grapes "Kesha" - tau txais kev paub nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam

Qhov ntau yam no feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog nws cov neeg - cov Kesha-1 ntau yam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov thib ob ntau tau bred ib me ntsis tom qab thiab, tsis zoo li Keshi, nws cov hnub nyoog ripening tom qab, tab sis qhov kev loj hlob quab yuam ntawm lub Bush thiab grapes yog me ntsis ntxiv "Keshi-1". Tsis tas li ntawd, qib thib ob muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob siab dua thiab kab mob.

Qhov zoo ntawm Kesha ntau yam yog lub txiaj ntsim zoo dua ntawm berries thiab kev muaj peev xwm rau tus kheej-pollinate.

Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias ntau yam "Kesha-1" muaj ntau lub npe - "FV-6-6", "Talisman" thiab "Super Kesha". Muaj ntau yam hu ua "Kesha-2", hu ua "Tamerlan", "Zlatohor" thiab "Kesh Muskatny" txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

"Kesh-2" yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm yug me nyuam ntau yam "Kesh-1" thiab "Kishmish Radiant", vim tias qhov no ntau ripens sai thiab muaj ntau pawg ntawm amber-kob berries; nws saj zoo muaj lub qab ntxiag nutmeg ntxoov ntxoo. Qhov ntau "Kesh", uas yuav piav qhia nyob rau hauv kom meej hauv qab no, yog tsim los ntawm Lavxias teb sab breeders uas siv no ntau yam "Froomoasa Albe" thiab "Delight".

Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias feem ntau nws yog Kesha txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam uas yog hu ua "FV-6-5" lossis "Delight Superior."

Grapes bunches "Kesha" - ib qho tshwj xeeb tsim ntawm qhov

Cov pawg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam, tab sis tsis zoo heev nyob rau hauv cov duab, saib zoo nkauj heev thiab appetizing. Nyob rau hauv kev, lawv yog cov loj heev, ncav cuag hauv qhov hnyav 1.2 kilograms, txawm tias qhov nyhav li ib txwm ntawm pawg tuaj yeem yog li 1 kilogram. Nrog rau ntau ntawm sau, qhov ceeb thawj ntawm pawg yuav txo los 0.6 kilograms.

Qhov zoo ntawm cov pawg yog feem ntau conical los yog conical-cylindrical. Lub berries yog muab tso rau heev tightly, tab sis tsis muaj txheej txheem, uas feem ntau muab pawg ua ib shapeless tsos. Lub zuag, uas yog, cov ceg ntawm pawg, nyob rau hauv Kesha ntau yam yog feem ntau heev ntev thiab fastens nws heev zoo rau kev khiav dim ntawm vine. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias yuav luag tag nrho cov tua ntawm no ntau yam fruitful, thiab ob pawg ntawm loj heev loj tau rau ib tug tua.

Berries on clusters kuj tsim heev loj, nyob rau nruab nrab, lawv loj yog nyob rau hauv lub txwv ntawm 32 x 25 millimeters. Qhov nruab nrab qhov ceeb thawj ntawm cov berries yog txog 10-12 mus rau 12-15 grams. Tus duab ntawm berries yog kheej, txaus nyiam heev. Daim tawv nqaij xim yog creamy dawb. Berries txawv nyob rau hauv tuab pulp, lub teeb pob tshab xim, resage dragee.

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo kuj muaj cov noob, pes tsawg tus uas tsuas yog 1-3, uas yog ntau ntau txaus siab los ntawm lovers ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab. Lub saj ntawm berries yog heev qab ntxiag, nplua nuj, harmonious. Teshes saj "Kesha" nyob ntawm 8 points. Muaj ib tug heev cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qab zib berries. Yog li ntawd, nrog acidity ntsuas ntawm tsuas yog 5-8 g / l, qhov ntsuas ntawm qab zib cov ntsiab lus yog 19-24%.

Grapes "Kesha" yog hais txog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Feem ntau zus rau kev muag khoom thiab kev noj haus tshiab. Nws zoo nkaus li zoo nkauj heev thaum ua haujlwm nrog kev pab ntawm lub rooj. Vim lub high school cov ntsiab lus ntawm sugars nyob rau hauv nws nyob tus yeees, nws yog siv los ua dawb wine.

Yam ntxwv ntawm txua txiv hmab "Kesha"

Nws tsis pom hais tias qhov no ntau yam yuav muaj txiaj ntsim heev yog tias nws muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo tsis tau. Ua tsaug rau vigorous bushes nrog ib lub hauv paus muaj zog system thiab paj ntawm ob qho tib si, grapes muaj peev xwm rau nws tus kheej-pollinate thiab siab heev abundant cov qoob loo. Nyob rau hauv kev, yields yog tsim rau 80% ntawm tag nrho cov tua ntawm ib tug Bush, thiab lub siab tshaj plaws load nrog lub qhov muag ntawm ib tug neeg laus Bush yog tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li 35-40. Nws yog sau tseg hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm pawg uas muaj peev xwm tsim ntawm ib lub tes tsho ntawm ib tug Bush sib sau mus rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm Bush nws tus kheej.

Thawj cov qoob loo ntawm grape Bush "Kesha" pib zoo siab tsuas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog 4-5 xyoos. Txawm li cas los, los ntawm kev siv cov grafting ntau yam raws li ib daim ntawv ntawm luam ntawm ib tug laus qia, nws yog ua tau los ua ib tug ntau cuam tshuam nkag ntawm shrub rau hauv fruiting lub sij hawm. Ntau ntau fructifies tsis tu ncua, tab sis yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab fertilizing.

Grapes yog ripening nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov los yog nruab nrab-thaum ntxov. Lub vegetative kev ntawm vine coj qhov chaw tshaj 122-130 hnub.

  • Lub ntsiab zoo thiab txawv txav ntawm Kesha ntau yam
  • Thaum ntxov ripening lub sij hawm ntawm grapes.
  • Siab tawm los thiab loj me me ntawm pawg thiab berries, uas muaj ib tug heev qab ntxiag thiab tag nrho-bodied saj. Ntau qhov "Kesha" yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov kabmob kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
  • Siab muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau kev thauj mus los.
  • Cauj thiab tsim cov ripening ntawm tua, muaj peev xwm ntawm kev coj tus kheej 1-2 pawg.
  • Muaj ib tug zoo heev haum ntawm cuttings rau rooting.
  • Kev ruaj ntseg siab ntawm qib ua ntej qis qis - tuaj yeem yooj yim hloov mus rau-23ºะก.
  • Siab tsis qab grapes "Kesha" rau cov milden.
  • Disadvantages ntau yam "Kesha" thiab txoj hauv kev ua kom muaj zog
  • Nrog rau ib qho kev sib txig, cov pawg ua tau tsim tsawg dua qub.
  • Qhov no ntau yam yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov nroj tsuag on perennial ntoo ntawm qub grapes. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, koj muaj peev xwm ua tau sai thiab zoo kev loj hlob ntawm grape Bush.
  • Txawm tias muaj qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv dav ntau yam yog muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo mus rau chiv, nws yuav tsis tsum pub nrog urea (uas yog, nrog nitrogen).

Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog qhov tseeb cog ntawm grapes nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg.

Cov kev cai ntawm cog grapes ntau yam "Kesha" - dab tsi koj yuav tsum paub?

Qhov no ntau nws muaj nws tus kheej nyiam thiab yuav tsum tau rau cog, yam uas tsis yog nws yog qhov nyuaj rau loj hlob ib tug zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo Bush. Ua ntej txhua yam nws txhawj txog cov av uas koj yuav cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws yuav tsum tau ua cov khoom noj kom ntau li ntau tau, zoo dua qub. dub av. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias nws tsis yog overly wetted thiab hais tias cov av yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug tob ntawm yam tsawg kawg yog 1.5 meters.

Tom qab tag nrho, lub grape Bush ntawm no ntau yam yog branched thiab muaj ib tug loj paus system, uas tau yooj yim tau dej los ntawm tob, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau moistening nws muaj peev xwm rot, qhov zoo ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav txo.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv qhov chaw zoo rau kev tsaws. Nws yog qhov zoo dua cog nws nyob ze lub tsev, ntawm lawv sab qab teb. Yog li, lub grapes yuav tau txais ntau ntawm tshav ntuj thiab nws yuav yooj yim dua rau koj los tsim ib qho kev txhawb nqa rau nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev yuav tiv thaiv nws ntawm cua. Dawb grapes tau cog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam yav qab teb.

Peb xaiv lub sij hawm zoo rau cog grapes "Kesha"

Grapes muaj peev xwm yuav cog nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab Autumn. Txhua yam yuav nyob ntawm seb hom cog koj xaiv thiab nyob rau thaj chaw climatic koj nyob. Koj tuaj yeem cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo li nrog kev pab ntawm seedlings, thiab txoj kev ntawm grafting on lub shtamb grape. Cov noob ntuag zoo tshaj nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tom qab cov cua kub nce mus rau 15 degrees, thiab cov av kub tsis qis tshaj li 10 ° (qhov kub tib yam yuav tsum tau muab suav rau thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg cog).

Grapes yuav grafted by cuttings thoob plaws hauv yuav luag tag nrho vegetative lub sij hawm. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog ib qho ua tau kom muab ob qho "black" los txiav txim rau "dub" qia, thiab "ntsuab" rau "dub", thiab siv ob qho tibsi ntsuab thiab ib qho chaw ntsuab.

Lus qhia rau qhov tseeb cog ntawm Kesha txiv hmab

  • Ntaus rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo nplooj yuav tsum npaj kom txhij ua ntej. Yog tias koj npaj yuav cog hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav - koj tuaj yeem khawb nws rov qab rau lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, rau lub sijhawm ua tiav hauv qab ntawm lub qhov taub nrog sib xyaw ntawm cov av av thiab tawv ncauj humus (yog li, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib lub me mound rau nws qab).
  • Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov pits yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 1 meter. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum rov qab los ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev los ntawm 40 centimeters. Yog hais tias tus seedlings yog cog dawb, ces tus deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv yog zoo dua mus nce mus rau 1.5 meters.
  • Nws yog tsim nyog los cog ib seedling kom zoo zoo, vim hais tias nyob rau ntawm ib tug hluas hnub nyoog nws cov keeb kwm heev fragile. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog kom txo qos yaj ywm rau hauv lub qhov taub mus rau qhov tob ntawd qhov chaw grafting thiab nws cov hauv paus hniav caj dab nyob saum cov av saum npoo.
  • Cov av muaj peev xwm yuav tov nrog pob zeb hauv av chiv kom sau qhov aub tsiv, tab sis nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv nws yog pom zoo kom siv nitrogen, raws li nws muaj ib tug detrimental nyhuv ntawm hauv paus system ntawm grapevine.
  • Muaj lub laub, lub yub yuav tsum tau nchuav ntau nplua thiaj li tias cov av zoo dua compacted (koj yuav tsum tau siv tsawg kawg 30 liv dej, tab sis noj mus rau hauv tus account lub noo noo ntsiab lus ntawm cov av).
  • Ib tug seedling yuav tsum tau khi li mus rau ib tug kev txhawb nqa tsav mus rau hauv cov av nyob ze nws.
  • Yog hais tias cog yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, ces ua ntej qhov pib ntawm lub caij ntuj no nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los sov lub seedling. Ua li no, koj yuav siv tau ib tug tub tsis muaj hauv qab: muab nws ib ncig ntawm seedling thiab npog nws nrog av.

Grafting grapes "Kesha" txiav on ib tug laus Tshuag

Yog tias koj txiav txim siab los hloov lub qub txiv hmab qoob loo nrog Kesha rau ntawm koj lub cuab yeej, nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis uproot lub qub shrub, tab sis mus cog ib tug tshiab tsi ntawm qia nyob rau hauv lub qia. Vim li no, ib tug grapevine tshiab hlob sai npaum thiab nkag mus rau fruiting ntau sai sai. Rau qhov koj xav tau:

  • Npaj lub cuttings ua ntej, txiav lawv nrog ib tug wedge thiab tuav lawv ua ntej cog nyob rau hauv lub Dib. Yuav tsum ua kom tiav ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, ua ntej cog, qhov txiav ntawm qhov txiav yuav muab tso rau hauv ib qho kev npaj tshwj xeeb hu ua "Humate" (rau kev daws, koj yuav tsum siv tsis tshaj 10 tee ntawm kev npaj rau 1 liter dej).
  • Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm grafting rau lub caij ntuj no, qhov soj caum yog pom zoo rau paraffin. Ua li no, paraffin yog yaj hauv cov dej thiab tom qab nws rwj thiab ntab saum nplaim, qhov txiav yog dipped mus rau ob peb lub vib nas this thiab tam sim ntawd immersed hauv dej txias rau kev txias.
  • Bush shrubs kuj ua tib zoo npaj. Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum tau txiav tawm lub qub Bush thiab so txhua lub splinters nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev txiav - lub saum npoo ntawm lub pob tw yuav tsum zoo kawg nkaus tus. Secondly, lub shtamb yuav tsum zoo heev ua tib zoo phua nrog kev pab ntawm ib tug me me taus thiab ib tug rauj. Qhov kev cais yuav tsum yog tias tsuas yog ib qho kev txiav tau haum rau nws. Ib qho kev muaj zog phom tuaj yeem ua rau lub plab shtamb puas tsuaj.
  • Yog tias qia loj, ces ntau tshaj ib qho yuav muab coj mus rau nws.
  • Lub txiv hmab "Kesha" yog xyuas nyob rau hauv qhov sib cais thiab nruj nreem nrog daim ntaub thiab twine (nws yog qhov zoo dua rau siv cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav nws tus cwj pwm).
  • Thaum Autumn grafting kom khaws noo noo nyob rau hauv rootstock, nws yog smeared nrog av nplaum thiab tseem them nrog av, thiab raws li seedling.
  • Tsis tas li ntawd, nco ntsoov khawb nyiaj.

Kev kho mob rau grapes "Kesha" - yuav ua li cas ua tau ib tug zoo sau?

Qhov no ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum, tab sis tsis yog ib qho kev saib xyuas zoo heev, tiam sis tsis tu ncua nws qhov mob. Hauv qab no peb piav qhia rau hauv tag nrho cov nta ntawm watering, pub, tu rau grape Bush thiab av, uas yuav pab tau koj loj hlob zoo thiab six txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Propile dej - ib tug cog ntawm delicious thiab Sweet txiv hmab txiv ntoo

Qhov no ntau yam tsis xav tau ntau tshaj watering. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm moderate los nag, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los dej lub vine nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej flowering, thiab tom qab Bush blooms (kwv yees li May, Lub rau hli ntuj). Tab sis tseem, thaum lub caij droughts, watering yuav tsum tau nce, vim hais tias tsis muaj noo noo tau zoo heev rau qhov loj ntawm lub grapes thiab berries.

Nyob rau lwm cov tes, lub muaj ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm noo noo, nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, muaj peev xwm ua rau tsim ntawm heev tasteless berries. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yog ib qhov ua tau mus khawb lub kua dej ze ntawm cov txiv hmab hauv cov txiv hmab, uas ua rau dej ntau dhau.

Peb khaws noo noo nyob rau hauv cov av los ntawm mulching

Mulching ntawm av muaj ib tug zoo heev zoo rau grapes. Tom qab tag nrho, ua tsaug rau qhov no, nws yog ib qho yooj yim heev kom tsis tsuas yog tswj tus tsim nyog ntawm noo noo nyob rau hauv cov av rau ib lub sij hawm ntev, tab sis kuj pub lub grape Bush. Tsis tas li ntawd, mulch pw tawm rau lub caij ntuj no pab kom khaws cov av los ntawm khov.

Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau siv obeshivny humus, uas yog pw tawm thoob plaws lub cheeb ntawm Bush ntawm ib tug vine ntawm ib tug deb ntawm mus txog ib meter los ntawm pob tw. Nrog rau qhov no mulch txheej yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 3 centimeters.

Peb chaw nres nkoj txiv hmab rau lub caij ntuj no

Ua ntej qhov pib ntawm huab cua txias huab cua tseem ceeb heev kom ua tib zoo npog. Tom qab tag nrho, thaum muaj hnub nyoog yau, nws yog heev yooj yim mus rau Frost. Tshwj xeeb nws txhawj xeeb saplings thiab cia li grafted cuttings. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv Ntxiv rau los npog lub pob tw ntawm ib tug Bush nrog av, koj yuav npog nws nrog quav nyab los yog straw, muab lawv nrog ib yam dab tsi hnyav. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev nkaum tau tiv thaiv lub bark los ntawm sunburn thaum lub sij hawm qhaj ntawv ntawm nplooj ntawm vine.

Kom zoo nkauj cov txiv hmab "Kesha" - txhua yam koj yuav tsum paub

Thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm vine nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los saib xyuas thiab tswj nws cov duab. Rau qhov no, nws tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ceg yog ncab mus rau sab kom qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm dawb sau cov fruiting tua. Nrog rau thaum pib ntawm fruiting tua yuav tsum tau tsis tu ncua shorten thiab prune qhuav thiab puas.

Peb pom zoo kom pruning txawm tias nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, tom qab Bush tau dhau mus rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm so, los yog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, txawm ua ntej pib SAP khiav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb nrog kev pab ntawm pruning mus tswj tus naj npawb ntawm tua, vim hais tias lawv dhau los yog lwm versa, tus nqi uas ploj lawm ua rau pluag yield.

Kuj, tsim cov pawg ua ke kuj tswj thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, thinned tawm. Optimally ntawm ib ceg koj xav tawm ib pawg. Nrog tsis muaj noo noo thiab droughts. Koj muaj peev xwm txiav thiab ib feem ntawm pawg, txwv tsis pub lub berries on nws yuav muab me me, zoo li ib tug pea.

Cov kev cai ntawm kev pub thiab kev tua kab ntawm txiv hmab "Kesha"

Yuav kom tsim kho kev loj hlob zoo thiab tsim ntawm ib tug zoo grape Bush tas yuav kho. Ntxiv nrog rau cov organic chiv, uas tau txais mus rau lub keeb kwm vim mulching, nws yog pom zoo kom mus thov mus rau cov av poov tshuaj phosphate chiv. Nitrogen yog zoo dua tsis siv, vim hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm heev yooj yim puas lub keeb kwm.

Yuav kom tiv thaiv cov grapes los ntawm cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab ntau tshaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ob zaug ib lub caij. Ua li no, siv qhov kev daws teeb meem bordeaux sib tov ntawm qhov concentration ntawm 1%