Pear Lada
Txhua leej txhua tus saib ntsoov rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub caij ntuj sov, kom txaus siab tsis tsuas yog lub hnub sov thiab hnub zoo, tab sis kuj mus noj mov rau tej khoom plig ntawm qhov. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, txhua tus neeg xav mus sai sai saj nyiam hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kev gardeners, thiab pib xyaum ua gardeners yuav tau txais ib qho thaum ntxov sau.
Nws yog nrog lub hom phiaj uas Lada pear ntau yam tsis ntev dhau los. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Agricultural Academy nyob rau hauv Moscow bred no ntau yam los ntawm hla lub ntau yam ntawm "Hav zoov kev zoo nkauj" thiab "Olga." Tsob ntoo yuav tuaj yeem loj hlob txawm tias nyob hauv cov huab cua ntawm huab cua, thiab yuav zoo siab rau tus tswv tsev nrog kev zoo siab qab zib-txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Piav qhia ntau yam pear Lada
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo Lada pears loj hlob ntawm medium loj nrog ib tug du, nyias daim tawv, lawv cov duab resembles ib qe. Ripe pear hnyav nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm 100-110 grams.
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog lig ntau yam ntawm pears.
Qhov saum npoo ntawm fetus yog lub teeb daj nyob rau hauv cov xim nrog ib lub caij nyoog-tshwm lub teeb liab sab. Pear qia yog luv luv thiab tsis heev tuab; tsis muaj funnels, zoo li hauv lwm hom. Lub khob ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhib, thiab saucer yog me me, nqaim thiab cuam tshuam. Lub raj nyob rau hauv lub khob yog medium qhov loj qhov me.
Cov pear muaj qhov nruab nrab txoj kab xaj. Cov tub ntxhais yog oval nyob rau hauv cov duab, weakly qhia, muaj tsawg tshaj li tsib noob. Cov nqaij yog xim daj dawb-xim nyob rau hauv cov xim, muaj medium juiciness, medium ntom, zoo-grained. Saj yog qab zib-qaub, tsis kaj-pronounced aroma. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj qhov zoo nkauj.
Qhov ntau yam sai sai sows thiab Dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum pib ntawm lub caij ntuj sov txawm nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm ib txwm cloudiness. Qhov siab tshaj plaws txee lub neej ntawm ripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog rau caum hnub (0 ° C). Thauj lub peev xwm ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsis heev.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj lub hom phiaj thoob ntiaj teb, tuaj yeem ua tau tus kheej, tab sis nws zoo dua pollinator ntau yam: "Chaw", "Severyanka", "Chizhovskaya", "Rogneda", "Otradnenskaya".
Nws pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum ntxov - nyob rau hauv peb lub thib peb los yog plaub lub xyoo, tom qab dhau dhau lub budding nyob rau hauv lub chaw zov me nyuam. Fruiting siab thiab tsis tu ncua - tawm los txog tsib caug kilograms yog ua tau. Siab tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob thiab tsis zoo rau tej huab cua.
Tsob ntoo yog nruab nrab loj. Lub crown ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo muaj ib tug daim ntawv-funnel-daim, thiab tom qab pib ntawm fruiting nws ua pyramidal. Cov nplooj ntawv cog lus yog nruab nrab. Tsob ntoo muaj grey skeletal ceg, sessile kawg fiber.
Tua "Lada" muaj xim xim av, me ntsis nkhaus, sib npaug ntawm qhov sib tshooj, ntev thiab muaj qhov nruab nrab cov thickness. Luv luv internodes tsis tau rho tawm, muaj qe me ntsis qe me ntsis rau ntawm qhov chaw. Lub buds yog me ntsis tso tseg thiab muaj ib tug xim av xim av thiab lub khob hliav qab-puab.
Cov nplooj ntawm no hom ntawm pear yog ntawm medium loj thiab tuab, oval nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab fastened by txhais tau tias ntawm ib tug qia ntawm medium loj. Cov nplooj ntoos yog me ntsis curved raws vib lub cev, es ywj ywm thiab tus. Yog tsis pubescence. Ua ke ntawm ntug ntawm nplooj muaj cov hniav me.
Pear paj ntau yam "Lada" tsis siab tshaj qhov nruab nrab loj, muaj cov duab ntawm ib lub tais. Lub corolla yog dawb thiab qhov sawv ntawm lub petals yog khoom thiab nruab nrab-kaw. Paj loj hlob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm inflorescences ntawm tsib mus rau xya pieces.
Pear ntau yam "Lada" muaj yuav luag tsis muaj flaws, thaum muaj ntau ntawm qhov zoo. Raws li peb twb tau hais lawm, tsob ntoo muab txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum ntxov, yog cov kab mob rau ntau yam kab mob, ua rau te kom zoo, thiab qhov feem pua ntawm cov qoob loo yog qhov siab.
Nta ntawm pear cultivation
Nroj tawm pear seedlings yuav ua tau ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab Autumn, tab sis nws yog preferable ua nws tag nrho tib yam nyob rau hauv lub Autumn. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, lub txav ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv slows down thiab foliage ntog.
Qhov chaw xaiv yuav tsum xub muab khawb thiab fertilized nrog compost (6-8 kg ib square meter), potash ntsev (20-30 grams), superphosphate (40-60 grams).
Qhov ntau zoo rau tsaws yog seedlings uas twb muab ib los yog ob xyoos lawm. Thaum yuav ib tsob ntoo, tshwj xeeb mloog yuav tsum tau them mus rau cov tsos ntawm cov keeb kwm, ceg thiab pob tw.
Qhov taub qhov ntev rau pears, lawv yuav tsum me ntsis tshaj qhov loj ntawm rhizome ntawm seedling: feem ntau lawv khawb ib qhov 70 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, 100 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb. Av ib ncig yuav tsum tau loosened kom paub tias huab cua hloov pauv. Yuav kom paub meej tias qhov tsim kom muaj ntawm tsob ntoo, ntawm ib ncua kev ntawm 30 centimeters ntawm lub pob tw, ib ceg txheem ntseeg yog kwv yees li ntawm 60 cm saum toj no hauv av.
Koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas tias lub hauv paus caj dab (los txiav txim rau nws, raws li txoj cai, tsis yooj yim: ntsuas 3-5 cm ntawm lub hauv paus khau zaum kawg, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau nws) saib ntawm hauv av ntawm 5-6 cm, thiab cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum ncaj qha thiab them nrog av, nyob rau hauv uas lawv loj hlob ib sapling.
Lub txiv tsawb yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas rau qhov qhaj ntawv tsis tau, thiab lub cev yuav tsum yog ywj siab thiab ruaj khov. Thaum xaiv lub sij hawm rau cog, nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab kev xaiv mus rau thaum xaus ntawm Cuaj hlis kom muab lub sij hawm mus rau hauv paus system mus noj paus painlessly nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm cov huab cua zoo nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj.
Ua tib zoo saib kom tiav txhua lub keeb kwm, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los khi tampoo cov av thiab ncuav abundantly, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ncuav manure los yog humus ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw. Tom qab tag nrho cov kev tswj, tsob ntoo zoo nrug nrog rau cov lus peg. Nws yuav tsum tau nco txog tias hom pear prefers loamy av nrog ntxiv ntawm coarse River xuab zeb thiab peat.
Pear kev saib xyuas
Dej tsob ntoo tsuas yog siv thaum lub caij ntev heev. Nyob rau hauv Tej zaum, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog qhov yuav tsum tau pub mis, rau qhov no zoo tsim nyog: urea, saltpeter. Copper sulfate thiab boric acid kua kuj muaj cov nyhuv lig. Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws tusyees ua haujlwm nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 25 cm los ntawm lub pob tw.
Yog li ntawd hais tias tsob ntoo tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ib tug tsis muaj lub hnub ci, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog rau periodically coj pruning ib co ceg ntoo. Tsis tas li no tus txheej txheem stimulates lub rov tshwm sim ntawm tshiab buds.
Kev mob nkeeg yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv ob zaug ib xyoo rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg. Tsuas yog obviously superfluous tua yog raug txiav, tshwj xeeb mloog yuav tsum tau them mus rau parallel twigs.
Ntev ntev ceg luv dua, thiab hauv qab no zoo dua tsis txhob kov. Chasing ntawm nyias ceg yuav tseem muaj qhov zoo. Yuav kom tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ib tsob ntoo, tus pruner yuav tsum tau ntse txaus, thiab lub zog yuav tsum ceev thiab meej. Cov chaw uas muaj cov pob zeb hauv qab yuav tsum tau muab lubricated nrog "vaj twawb."
Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab tsuag thiab ntau yam kab mob, tus pear yuav tsum tau sprayed. Rau qhov kev tshwm sim no nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau koj xaiv qhov kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis. Thawj lub sij hawm yog sprayed thaum lub sij hawm tshwm thiab blooming ntawm buds, thiab lub thib ob - nrog tsos ntawm thawj buds ntawm no ntau yam.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, nws yog ib advisable kom whitewash lub stems los tiv thaiv tawm tsam cov kab mob ntawm feem ntau yooj yim tej chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Raws li txoj kev, koj yuav tsum tau ci ntsa iab dua cov pob txha puas thiab liab qab nrog hlau oxide.
Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj yog ib lub sijhawm zoo los thov chiv. Rau lub hom phiaj no, zoo meej: superphosphate, compost, poov tshuaj, dolomite, tshauv, sodium chloride. Fertilizers yuav pw tawm ib ncig ntawm pear, ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter ntawm nws crown.
Cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tub ntxhais hluas yuav tsum tau enriched nrog ntau yam tseem ceeb tshuaj, minerals, thiab rau cov neeg laus pears lub tinned av yog xav paub ntau tshaj haum.
